□ 施秀葦 SHI Xiu-wei , 梁冠冕 LIANG Guan-mian, 胡忠純 HU Zhong-chun, 胡建丹 HU Jian-dan, 俞佳 YU Jia
Objective To investigate the pressure from life and work in the nurses in pregnancy or lactation, and to provide reference for nursing managers in relieving nurses' pressure and providing humanistic care. Methods From November to December 2017, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 122 nurses in three Class-A tertiary hospitals using the Psychological Consensus Scale, Anxiety Scale and Simple Coping Style Scale. Results The total score of sense of coherence was 56.46±12.30 in the nurses. The rude score of anxiety was 37.64±8.57, and the incidence of anxiety was 33.6%. The score of positive coping was 33.26±6.89, and the score of negative coping was 17.80±4.08. Conclusion Nursing managers should pay attention to the psychological state of nurses in pregnancy and lactation and take effective interventions to mobilize their positive mental state, so as to improve their mental health.
妊娠及哺乳是女性生命中重要的生理階段,也是一種重大的應激反應。妊娠及哺乳期間女性激素水平的變化,為負性心理應激的產生提供了物質基礎。女性在此階段容易對周圍的事物感知敏銳,反應強烈,情緒不穩定,有時容易激動、焦躁和挑剔[1]。作為以女性為主力的護理人員,不可避免地存在一批堅持在臨床一線工作的妊娠及哺乳階段的女性。由于工作性質的不同,“三班倒”的工作模式,這些護理人員承受著更大的生活和工作壓力,應引起護理管理者的重視與關注。
心理一致感是有益健康模型的核心概念,是個體應對社會壓力的一種能力,反映個體生活價值觀和應激情境的適應能力。應對方式則體現了個體處于應激環境或遭受應激事件時,為平衡自身精神狀態所做出的認知及行為上的努力,是有意識、有目的和靈活的調節方式,以期調節因應激而產生的各種情緒或軀體反應。高水平心理一致感有助于個體感受自己有足夠的資源應對,并認為是一個有意義的過程,在相同情境下,心理一致感高的個體更有能力處理好工作環境中的各種壓力[2]。因此,本研究嘗試探討妊娠及哺乳期臨床一線護理人員的焦慮、應對方式及心理一致感現狀,分析三者之間的關系,為加強對該批護理人員的人文關懷,提高護理質量,保證護理安全提供相應的臨床依據及參考。
1.研究對象。……