麻醉護士崗位職責與需求調查

□ 葉雪飛 YE Xue-fei 上官王寧 SHANGGUAN Wang-ning 林函 LIN Han 劉華程 LI Hua-cheng 李軍 LI Jun 連慶泉 LIAN Qing-quan*

Objective To investigate the current status of nurse anesthetists and demand for them in Zhejiang Province. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate relevant staff (anesthetists, nurse anesthetists, and nursing staff) of 33 hospitals in Zhejiang Province. Results The results showed that 92.0% of respondents hoped to increase the number of nurse anesthetists, and that 79.4% hoped that scope of anesthesia nurses' responsibilities were further expanded. 78.5% of the subjects hoped nurse anesthetists to enter the operating room to assist anesthesia, among which 74.5% of them hoped anesthesia nurses to master the skills of endotracheal intubation, and 72.0% hoped nurse anesthetists to learn arterial puncture, and 59.7% hoped nurse anesthetists to learn deep venipuncture. Most of the respondents did not worry that anesthesia nurses might occupy the positions of anesthesiologists.Conclusion The demand for nurse anesthetists in Zhejiang Province is very large, but the educational level and training of professional skills needs to be further improved. And the scope and permission of their work need to be further regulated.

美國專職從事麻醉的護理人員開始出現于1861年，在1931年成立了麻醉護士學會(American Association of Nurse Anesthetists,AANA)，并正式發行麻醉護士雜志（Nurse Anesthetists)[1]。在我國，隨著科學技術的不斷發展及儀器設備的不斷更新，傳統的“麻、護、工”集于麻醉醫師一人的模式已遠遠不能滿足需要[2]，因此麻醉護士這一崗位應運而生，越來越多的醫院已經有了專門麻醉護士隊伍。但是，目前我國對于麻醉護士的定位還存在爭議，麻醉護士的培訓、管理和使用尚處于探索階段，還沒有建立完整的麻醉護士培訓及認證體系，在這方面與發達國家相比差距顯著。本研究的目的是通過對麻醉醫師、麻醉護士以及護理部的問卷調查，了解目前麻醉護士的工作人數、工作任務、權限以及麻醉護士的培訓等情況。

對象與方法

1.研究對象。選取浙江省33家醫院，共發出問卷400份，收回358份問卷，有效問卷回收率是89.5%。

2.研究方法。應用自行設計調查問卷進行現場調查，利用Excel軟件建立數據庫。采用SPSS17.0軟件，采用頻數、百分比等統計方法分析對數據進行統計分析。

結果

1.問卷調查的對象分布。有效問卷的調查對象中64.5%來自三甲醫院，11.2%來自三乙醫院，23.2%為二甲醫院，1.1%為二乙醫院。手術間數量10個以內的占36%，10～20個的占33.6%，20～30個的占14.5%，大于30個手術間的占15.9%。我們共調查了244名（68.2%）麻醉醫師，82名（22.9%）麻醉護士，32名（8.9%）護理部管理人員。

2.關于麻醉護士的組成。有效問卷中有82名麻醉護士，占總調查人數的22.9%，其中研究生學歷占3.7%，本科學歷占70.7%，大專學歷占23.2%，中專學歷占2.4%。……