走近反意疑問句

一、反意疑問句的用法及構成

【要點歸納】 反意疑問句既可以表示真實的疑問，也可以用來開始談話、更有禮貌地詢問情況或者使命令、要求的語氣更加婉轉等。反意疑問句有兩種結構：①肯定的陳述句 + 否定的反意疑問句；②否定的陳述句 + 肯定的反意疑問句。還要注意反意疑問句的謂語要與陳述句保持一致，且主語一律用代詞。

【考例】 Susan's found her pass， ______？

A. isn't she B. is she

C. hasn't she D. was she

【精析】 C。句中的Susan's = Susan has。

【強化訓練】 完成下列反意疑問句。

1. The boy went swimming yesterday， ______？

2. Mrs. Smith has been learning Chinese， __ __？

3. What a lovely stamp， ______？

二、如何回答反意疑問句

【要點歸納】 根據事實來回答。不管問題的提法如何，只要事實上是肯定的，就用yes；只要事實上是否定的，就用no。

【考例】 —The test wasn't easy for you， was it？

—______. Many of us failed.

A. No， it was B. Yes， it wasn't

C. Yes， it was D. No， it wasn't

【精析】 D。問句：“測驗不容易，是不是？”。怎樣回答？就看測驗到底容易還是不容易，容易就說yes，不容易就說no。從答語“Many of us failed.”可知測驗不容易，故選D。

【強化訓練】 單項填空。

4. —The article isn't easy for Jack to understand， is it？

—______. His English is far better than expected.

A. Yes， it is B. I'm afraid not

C. I don't think soD. No， it isn't

5. —I don't think the movie tickets are expen- sive， _______ ？

—______， I agree with you.

A. are they； Yes B. are they； No

C. do I； Yes D. aren't they； No

三、陳述句含否定詞的反意疑問句

【要點歸納】 陳述句部分出現否定意義的副詞或代詞時，如little（少的）， few， hardly， never， seldom， no one， nothing等，反意疑問句應用肯定式。但若陳述句中動詞、形容詞或副詞是加否定前綴或后綴構成的，如im-， in-， un-， dis-， -less等，反意疑問句仍用否定式。

【考例】 He never said that he was good at mathematics， ______？

A. was he B. wasn't he

C. did he D. didn't he

【精析】 C。反意疑問句的謂語應與主句保持一致，且主句有否定副詞never，所以C項正確。

【強化訓練】 完成下列反意疑問句。

6. Li Lei seldom has lunch at school， ______？

7. The news is unimportant， ______？

8. There are a lot of little birds in the field，

______？

四、陳述句為主從復合句的反意疑問句

【要點歸納】 陳述句為各種主從復合句時，反意疑問句的主語及助動詞應與主句保持一致。但在“I / We （don't / didn't） think / suppose / believe / expect + 賓語從句”結構中，反意疑問句應與從句的主謂語保持一致，同時注意否定轉移。

【考例】 1. If I knew the answer， I wouldn't be asked， ______？

A. didn't I B. did I

C. would I D. wouldn't I

2. I don't suppose anyone will volunteer， ______？

A. do I B. don't I

C. will they D. won't they

【精析】 1. C。反意疑問句在時態、助動詞、人稱和數上要和主句保持一致。2. C。主句是I suppose，所以反意疑問句應和從句一致；從句的主語是anyone，故用they；且發生了否定轉移，故反意疑問句用肯定式，選項C正確。

【強化訓練】 單項填空。

9. There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended， ______？

A. wasn't there B. was there

C. didn't it D. did it

10. Mrs Black doesn't believe her son is able to design a digital camera， ______？

A. is he B. isn't he

C. doesn't she D. does she

五、祈使句的反意疑問句

【要點歸納】 ①祈使句的反意疑問句一般用肯定形式will you。②以Let's開頭的，可用shall we；以Let us或Let me開頭的，要用will you。③否定祈使句的反意疑問句一律用will you。④為使祈使句聽起來比較婉轉、客氣，反意疑問句還可以用would you， won't you， could you， can you等形式。

【考例】 If you want help—money or anything， let me know， ______ you？

A. don't B. will C. shall D. do

【精析】 B。Let us / me... 表示向對方請求允許，意為“讓我們/我……（= You let us...）”，故要用will you （好嗎）進行反問。

【強化訓練】 單項填空。

11. It's a fine day. Let's go fishing， ______？

A. won't we B. will we

C. don't we D. shall we

12. The women carrying babies， come in first， ______？

A. will you B. will they

C. don't they D. don't you

13. Don't smoke in the meeting-room， ______？

A. do you B. will you

C. can you D. could you

六、當陳述句部分含有have時

【要點歸納】 ①當have表示“擁有”時，反意疑問句既可用have，也可用do，但要注意前后保持一致。②當have作“經歷；遭受；進行”等解，尤其是構成一些短語如have a class， have sport， have sth. done等時，疑問句部分只用do的適當形式。

【考例】 You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday， ______？

A. had you B. hadn't you

C. did you D. didn't you

【精析】 D。在have sth. done等固定句型中，have看作實意動詞。

【強化訓練】 完成下列反意疑問句。

14. She doesn't have a lot of money to spare， ______？

15. They had great difficulty in finding the house， ______？

七、must 與反意疑問句

【要點歸納】 ①must表示“必須”時，反意疑問句仍用must。②must表示“有必要”講時，用need。③當must表示“一定是”等猜測含義時，反意疑問句要依據must后的動詞形式來確定：“must + do...”表示對現在的情況進行推測，反意疑問句用一般現在時。“must have done...”表示對過去的情況進行推測，如果后面沒接時間狀語或者接了現在完成時態標志的時間狀語，反意疑問句應用現在完成時；如果后面接的是明確的過去時間狀語，反意疑問句用一般過去時。

【考例】 There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture， ______？

A. didn't they B. don't they

C. mustn't they D. haven't they

【精析】 D。句中沒有時間狀語，故選D。

【強化訓練】 單項填空。

16. His father must be a doctor， ______？

A. mustn't he B. shouldn't he

C. isn't he D. needn't he

17. —I don't suppose he could have done well in the exam last week， ______ he？

—______， he almost failed to pass the exam.

A. had； Yes B. has； No

C. couldn't； Yes D. did； No