
摘 要:本文針對(duì)現(xiàn)有基站選址優(yōu)化方法存在的問題,提出一種基于聚類的無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)基站選址優(yōu)化算法。建立包括節(jié)點(diǎn)利用率和覆蓋率的優(yōu)化模型,引入聚類策略對(duì)初始解集合進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,采用基于二進(jìn)制編碼的差分進(jìn)化算法求解優(yōu)化模型,得到最優(yōu)覆蓋方案。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,本文提出的方法能夠有效提升優(yōu)化效果,具有一定的實(shí)用性。
關(guān)鍵詞:基站選址;聚類;差分進(jìn)化;二進(jìn)制編碼
中圖分類號(hào):TN929.5 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):2096-4706(2018)09-0050-03
Abstract:This paper aims at the problems of the existing base station location optimization method,a clustering based optimization algorithm for the location of wireless network base stations is proposed. The optimization model is established,which includes the utilization rate and coverage rate of nodes. The clustering strategy is introduced to optimize the initial solution set. The optimal model is solved by using the differential evolution algorithm based on binary coding,and the optimal coverage scheme is obtained. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively enhance the optimization effect and is practical.
Keywords:base station location;clustering;differential evolution;binary coding
0 引 言
基站選址優(yōu)化是無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容,即在綜合考慮信號(hào)質(zhì)量、建設(shè)代價(jià)、覆蓋約束以及其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)約束的條件下,規(guī)劃基站的數(shù)目和位置。隨著無(wú)線通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,這一問題引起了學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界的廣泛重視。Zhang[1]等將全局優(yōu)化問題分解為多個(gè)子問題,以求解大范圍區(qū)域內(nèi)的基站選址問題。朱思峰[2]等提出了基于免疫計(jì)算的選址優(yōu)化方案,并給出了對(duì)應(yīng)的算法框架。張宏遠(yuǎn)[3]等基于預(yù)測(cè)控制中的滾動(dòng)優(yōu)化原理設(shè)計(jì)了基于滾動(dòng)窗口的基站選址優(yōu)化方法。馬寶羅[4]等提出了一種基于矢量距離免疫計(jì)算的基站選址問題求解方案,結(jié)合了基于矢量距離的抗體濃度計(jì)算方法和反學(xué)習(xí)的種群初始化策略,具有較好的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。另外,基站選址優(yōu)化多采用智能演化算法[5,6],隨機(jī)生成初始解集。在實(shí)際場(chǎng)景中,通信業(yè)務(wù)量分布往往是不均勻的,例如住宅小區(qū)業(yè)務(wù)量往往較大,在基站建設(shè)的時(shí)候需要優(yōu)先考慮此類區(qū)域。……