摘 要:當前,4G網絡已被人們廣泛使用,它不僅用于人與人之間的通信,還應用于物聯網(IoT),并推動物聯網相關技術的快速發展,不斷滿足未來物聯網需求。目前,人們對機器型通信(MTC)的需求造成了各種通信技術具有多種服務要求,從而實現現代物聯網的愿景。盡管這樣,現有物聯網通信技術仍然面臨諸多挑戰,如大量節點連接,安全性和隱私以及對應標準制訂等問題,并且由于4G網絡設計的局限性,導致其對物聯網的優化程度比較差。隨著5G網絡技術的日趨成熟,基于5G網絡的物聯網將會得到更大的性能提升,包括增強蜂窩網運營容量,提高物聯網安全性以及網絡挑戰能力等。本文主要介紹了目前5G IoT的最新通信技術以及5G IoT的主要研究趨勢和挑戰。
關鍵詞:5G網絡;物聯網通信技術(IoT);第五代物聯網(5G IoT)
中圖分類號:TN929.5文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:2096-4706(2018)09-0195-03
Abstract:The current 4G network has been widely used by people,not only for human-to-human communication,but also for the Internet of Thing(IoT),and promotes the rapid development of related technologies to meet the needs of the future IoT applications. At present,the demand for Machine Type Communication(MTC)has led to a variety of communication technologies with diverse service requirements to achieve the modern IoT version. However,the existing IoT communication technologies are faced with many challenges,such as a large number of node connections,poor security and privacy,and the corresponding standard formulation and other issues. Besides,the 4G network has a poor ability to optimize the IoT due to its design limitations. With the maturing of 5G network technology,the 5G network-based IoT will achieve even greater performance improvements,including enhancing the operating capacity of cellular network,improving the IoT security and network challenge capabilities. This paper mainly introduces the latest communication technologies for 5G IoT research and the main research trends and challenges of 5G IoT.
Keywords:5G network;internet of things communication technology(IoT);5G internet of things(5G IoT)
0 引 言
作為一種很有市場前景和價值的技術,物聯網是一種通過互聯網連接大規模的低功耗交互式設備而實現技術,例如可穿戴設備、智能傳感器、智能電器、平板電腦、智能手機和智能交通系統等,這對我們的生產方式以及生活活動產生了巨大的影響。研究還指出,這些設備中將有70億通過蜂窩技術連接,例如目前的2G、3G和4G。
而5G網絡作為新一代移動無線網絡技術,它將會在2020年后開始部署商用。國際電信聯盟(ITU)對5G提出了8大指標要求,分別是基站峰值速率、用戶體驗速率、頻譜效率、流量空間容量、移動性能、網絡能效、連接……