祈使句中考考點歸納

陳傳光供稿

【典型試題】

1. 句型轉換，每空一詞。

(1) Look at the hills, the fl owers and the trees. （改為否定句）________ ________ at the hills, the fl owers and the trees.

(2) Be careful next time, my good friends! （改為否定句）________ ________ careful next time, my good friends!

(3) Please don’t go and tell him the news. （改為肯定句）________ ________ and tell him the news.

(4) You can get on the bus right now. （改為祈使句）________ ________ the bus right now.

(5) Let’s tell him to drink plenty of water. （改為反義疑問句）

Let’s tell him to drink plenty of water, ________ ________?

2. 把下列直接引語改為間接引語、間接引語改為直接引語。

(1) “Get your things ready and go to bed early.” he said to us.He told us ________ ________ our things ready and go to bed early.

(2) “Don’t show the students around the lake.” the girl said to me.The girl told me ________ ________ ________ the students around the lake.

(3) They asked the teacher to help them with their English.“________ ________ with our English.” they said to the teacher.

(

4) The teacher told us not to get up late.“________ ________ up late.” the teacher told us.

3. 單項選擇

( ) (1) ________ me the truth, or I am going to leave the room.A. Telling B. To tell C. If you don’t tell D. Tell

( ) (2) —________! There is a car coming!—Oh. Thanks.A. Look over B. Look up C. Look on D. Look out

( ) (3) ________ be late again.A. Please B. Do C. Don’t D. Not

( ) (4) —________! The traf fic is moving fast!—Thanks, I will.A. Stop B. Look out C. Watch D. Don’t move

( ) (5) —________ you good luck in the new year!—The same to you .A. Hope B. Want C. Wish D. Like

4. 根據所給漢語完成句子，每空一詞。

(1) 別擔心，我會按時到達那里的。________ ________. I’ll be there on time.

(2) 快點，不然你會錯過早班車的。________ ________, or you’ll miss the early bus.

(3) 請不要在公共場所吐痰。________ ________ ________ in a public place.

(4) 保持健康，遠離疾病。________ healthy and ________ ________ ________ illness.

(5) 勞駕，請讓我過去！Excuse me. Please ________ me ________.

【考點歸納】

一、祈使句的意義

表示請求、命令、勸告、征求對方意見等。它的主語是you（聽話人），通常不用說出。祈使句肯定結構中的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形；祈使句句末用驚嘆號或句號。

二、祈使句的結構

1. 祈使句的肯定結構

(1). 行為動詞＋其他句子成分。例如：

Come here, Lili! Guess what gift Dad has sent you!

Call me when you fix the time.

Take the medicine twice a day.

(2) 連系動詞＋表語。例如：

Be careful, boys and girls. Now get on the bus.

在口語中，連系動詞be有時可以省略。例如：

Glad to see you, Mrs. Jiang.

2. 祈使句的否定結構

祈使句的否定結構一律在肯定結構之前加Don’t (Do not)。例如：

Don’t mention it.

Don’t worry about me. I’ll take care of myself.

表示請求、勸告的祈使句，可以和please連用，語氣委婉。例如：

Please say hello to Aunt Susan.Please don’t mention it. Go and board the plane now.“Oh, no! Don’t eat me, please!” the mouse cried.

3. 祈使句的強調語氣祈使句在動詞前加上do可以加強語氣, 常有make sure“一定”“務必”的意思。例如：Do remember to lock the door when you leave.= Make sure you lock the door when you leave.

4. 以Let引導的祈使句以Let引導的句子也是祈使句，常用來表示建議或說話人的態度。例如：Let’s go and tell the others to join us.Let me have a look at your leg.let’s和let us開頭的祈使句，在構成反義疑問句時要注意：Let’s climb the hill, shall we?（let’s祈使對象包括說話人和聽話人，用shall we）Let us climb the hill, will you? （let us祈使對象只是說話人一方，用will you征求對方意見）

5. 陳述句轉換成祈使句只有以you作主語，而且表示要求、命令等的陳述句才可以轉換成祈使句。例如：You can listen to the music after school today.→Listen to the music after school today.You mustn’t go to play computer games now.→Don’t go to play computer games now.

6. 祈使句由直接引語轉換成間接引語祈使句由直接引語轉換成間接引語，如是肯定句用to連接；否定祈使句用not to連接。句型用tell/ask

sb. (not) to do sth.例如：“Please sit down.” She said to us.→She asked us to sit down.“Don’t be late again.” the teacher said.→The teacher told us not to be late again.

【典型考題】

單項選擇。

( ) 1. ________ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead.A. Drive B. To drive C. Drove D. Driving

( ) 2. ________ wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.A. Don’t B. Doesn’t C. Aren’t D. Can’t

( ) 3. —Sorry I’m late.—________ tell me the bus broke down again!A. Never to B. Not C. Don’t D. No

( ) 4. —What are the rules at your school?—Don’t run in the hallways and ________ arrive late for class.A. not to B. won’t C. don’t D. no

( ) 5. —Put some butter on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter. What else?—Next ________ some tomatoes.A. cut up B. cuts up C. to cut up D. cutting up

( ) 6. —I am leaving for Xisai Mountain this afternoon.—________ you have packed everything.A. To be sure B. Been sure C. Being sure D. Be sure

( ) 7. ________ play with fire. ________ with fire is dangerous.A. Don’t; Playing B. Not; Playing C. Don’t; play D. Not to; To play