任志偉 張耀麗 王晶晶
摘要:木果緬茄木材的顏色、花紋和構(gòu)造特征與大果紫檀相似,一些商家常將其混在大果紫檀原木內(nèi)進行銷售。通過對木果緬茄和大果紫檀木材構(gòu)造特征進行區(qū)分,旨在為質(zhì)檢部門和廣大消費者提供兩者的鑒別依據(jù)。本文從木材顏色與花紋、管孔分布、軸向薄壁組織類型、木射線、木材氣味、木粉水浸液熒光等方面,分別對這兩種木材進行了區(qū)分和比較,總結(jié)了6條辨別要點,其中,軸向薄壁組織類型、木射線寬度和高度的差別是鑒別木果緬茄和大果紫檀木材最主要依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵詞:木果緬茄;大果紫檀;花梨木;
Abstract: Because Afzelia xylocarpa has similar color, pattern and structural characteristics of Pterocarpus macrocarpus, it has been mixed up in Pterocarpus macrocarpus logs for sale. The difference of wood structure characteristics between Afzelia xylocarpa and Pterocarpus macrocarpus is aimed at providing the identification basis for quality inspection departments and consumers. From the wood color and pattern, pore distribution, axial parenchyma type, the wood ray, wood odor and fluorescence of wood flour aqueous extraction solution, the two kinds of wood were distinguished and compared, and 6 distinguishing points were summed up in this paper. Among them, the main distinctive points the Afzelia xylocarpa and Pterocarpus macrocarpus are difference of type axial parenchyma and width and height of the wood ray.
Key words:Afzelia xylocarpa; Pterocarpus macrocarpus; Padauk; Identification
大果紫檀俗稱緬花、緬甸花梨,屬于紅木類中的花梨木。大果紫檀木材顏色多變,黃褐、橘紅至紫紅褐色,木材光澤強,花紋美觀,時常可見虎皮紋、山水紋、水波紋。木材香氣濃郁,沁人心脾,用其制作工藝精湛的家具,高貴典雅,深受廣大消費者喜愛。
木果緬茄木材構(gòu)造、花紋和顏色類似大果紫檀。一些商家常將木果緬茄摻在大果紫檀內(nèi)進行銷售,以假亂真,欺瞞消費者。本文通過對大果紫檀和木果緬茄的木材構(gòu)造特征進行區(qū)別,旨在為質(zhì)檢部門和廣大消費者提供兩者的辨別依據(jù)。
1.木果緬茄
木果緬茄(Afzelia xylocarpa)隸屬于蘇木科(Caesalpiniaceae)緬茄屬(Afzelia spp.)的樹種。緬茄屬有30余種,大喬木,常見樹種有木果緬茄(緬茄)、非洲緬茄(A. africana)、安哥拉緬茄(A. quznensis)、喀麥隆緬茄(A. bipindensis)等[1-2]。其中,木果緬茄分布在南亞的泰國、越南、柬埔寨、緬甸。我國廣東、廣西、海南、南寧,云南南部和西雙版納等地均有種植,我國以廣東高州產(chǎn)的最著名[3]。……