玉舒中 張啟堯 楊振德 郭春暉 王蕊蕊 吳廣
摘要:研究苦楝樹(Melia azedarach)皮乙醇提取物和菟絲特的混合藥劑對日本菟絲子(Cuscuta japonica)生長及其主要生理指標的影響。結果表明,低濃度的混合藥劑對菟絲子無明顯傷害作用,但高濃度的混合藥劑處理30 d后菟絲子藤莖大面積萎蔫枯死。高濃度混合藥劑處理下日本菟絲子可溶性糖和丙二醛含量升高,可溶性蛋白含量降低。在高濃度(40 g/L)苦楝樹皮乙醇提取物處理下,日本菟絲子超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化物酶(POD)和過氧化氫酶(CAT)活性隨著菟絲特濃度的升高呈現出先升高后降低的趨勢。在高濃度(14 mg/L)菟絲特處理下,日本菟絲子POD和CAT活性也隨著苦楝樹皮乙醇提取物濃度的升高呈現出先升高后降低的趨勢。表明高濃度混合藥劑通過影響菟絲子體內蛋白質等生物大分子的代謝、破壞菟絲子體內保護酶系統的平衡對菟絲子發揮防治作用。
關鍵詞:苦楝樹(Melia azedarach);乙醇提取物;日本菟絲子(Cuscuta japonica);生理指標;保護酶
中圖分類號:S453 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2018)10-0069-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.10.016
Effects of Mixed Treatment with Extract of Melia azedarach Bark and Tusite on the Growth and Major Physiological Parameters of Cuscuta japonica
YU Shu-zhong,ZHANG Qi-yao,YANG Zhen-de,GUO Chun-hui,WANG Rui-rui,WU Guang
(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)
Abstract: The growth and main physiological responses of Cuscuta japonica to mixed reagents(ethanol extract of Melia azedarach bark and tusit) were studied. The results showed that the mixed reagent in low concentration had no obvious damage to C. japonica. However,the stem of C. japonica withered up and died after 30 days treatment with high concentration of mixed reagent. Under the high concentration of combination treatment,the content of soluble sugar and malondialdehyde (MDA) of C. japonica increased,whereas the content of soluble protein decreased. Under the high concentration(40 g/L) of ethanol extract of M. azedarach bark treatment,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) and catalase (CAT) presented a tendency of increased first and then decreased as the concentration of tusite increase in C. japonica. Under the high concentration of tusite(14 mg/L) treatment,the activity of POD and CAT presented a tendency of increased first and then decreased as the concentration of ethanol extract increased. It was indicated that high concentration of mixed reagent which played a role of control was by influencing the metabolism of protein and other biological macromolecules and destroying the balance of protective enzyme system of C. japonica.
Key words: Melia azedarach; ethanol extraction; Cuscuta japonica; physiological indicators; protective enzyme
日本菟絲子(Cuscuta japouica)屬旋花科(Convolvulaceae)菟絲子屬(Cuscuta)的一種全寄生有害植物,在中國南北各地方廣泛分布。它通過吸器著生于寄主上吸取養料。被害植株光照不足,枝葉不能舒展,生長衰弱,嚴重時枯死[1-3]。菟絲子的防治是植保工作的難點,運用化學藥劑是防除菟絲子最主要的方式之一。然而運用化學藥劑會在一定程度上影響寄主植物的生長,因此在防治菟絲子的同時降低對寄主植物的影響至關重要。Habib等[4]研究發現狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)的甲醇提取物可以顯著抑制菟絲子生長,但對宿主紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)安全;……