王桂梅 邢寶龍 張旭麗 殷麗麗
摘要:為了篩選出綠豆(Vigna radiata)栽培的最佳施肥量,采用“3414”肥料效應試驗,建立綠豆肥料施用量與產量的回歸方程,以求出最佳施用量。結果表明,少施或缺施肥料對綠豆的長勢和產量有不同程度的影響,合理的氮、磷、鉀配比可明顯促進綠豆生長,在中等肥力情況下,最佳施用量為N 66.6 kg/hm2、P2O5 127.2 kg/hm2、K2O 121.0 kg/hm2。
關鍵詞:綠豆(Vigna radiata);肥料效應;平衡施肥
中圖分類號:S522;S143 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2018)10-0036-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.10.009
Fertilizer Efficiency Experiment and Balanced Fertilization Technology
of Mung Bean “3414”
WANG Gui-mei,XING Bao-long,ZHANG Xu-li,YIN Li-li
(Institute of High Latitude and Cold Weather Crops, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Datong 037008,Shanxi,China)
Abstract: In order to select the optimum fertilization rate of mung bean(Vigna radiata) cultivation, using "3414" fertilizer effect experiment, regression equation of fertilizer application amount and yield of mung bean were established,finding the optimal dosage. The results showed that the application of fertilizer or lack of mung bean growth and yield had different effects. Reasonable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could obviously promote the growth of mung bean, in moderate fertility conditions, the best application amount were N 66.6 kg/hm2,P2O5 127.2 kg/hm2,K2O 121.0 kg/hm2.
Key words: mung bean(Vigna radiata); fertilizer effect; balanced fertilization
綠豆(Vigna radiata)起源于中國,是傳統的豆類作物之一。其生育期短、適應性、抗逆性強,具有很高的營養價值,是高蛋白、低脂肪、中淀粉的食品,同時又具有清熱、消暑、解毒、保肝、降血脂等功能,屬醫食同源作物,是人們理想的營養保健食品,同時又是較好的出口創匯作物,具有較高的經濟利用價值[1-3]。山西省地處黃河中游,氣候冷涼,適宜綠豆的種植。近年來,隨著農村產業結構的調整,商品生產的發展和人民生活水平的提高,綠豆已成為較好的副食品。因此,發展綠豆生產具有廣闊的前景,雖然綠豆種植面積呈逐年增大趨勢,但綠豆的產量一直不高,其原因除綠豆大多種植在干旱、半干旱的瘠薄地和山坡地外,當前在綠豆種植過程中,不合理施肥現象十分突出,不僅不能充分發揮肥效,而且影響綠豆的生長,從而導致綠豆產量停滯不前、品質變劣,甚至造成土壤理化性狀變劣[4],在一定程度上制約了綠豆產量的進一步提高。
肥效試驗是測土配方施肥的重要內容,通過肥效試驗不僅可以明確不同肥料對作物各種農藝性狀的影響,而且可以篩選出適合某種作物的施肥量。……