重點(diǎn)詞句全解析

山東 董明義

◇詞句解析

1.I like Monday because I have P.E. and history.

because是連詞，意為“因?yàn)椤保脕硪龑?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，也可用于回答why開頭的特殊疑問句。例如：

①—Why does Bob like history?鮑勃為什么喜歡歷史？

—Because it's interesting.因?yàn)樗腥ぁ?/p>

②Many children like pandas because they are cute.許多孩子喜歡熊貓，因?yàn)樗鼈兒芸蓯邸?/p>

2.—Who's your P.E. teacher?

—Mr.Hu.

who是疑問代詞，意為“誰”，用來對(duì)“人”進(jìn)行提問。答句為簡(jiǎn)略回答形式，完整的回答應(yīng)為“My P.E. teacher is Mr.Hu.”。例如：

—Who is the boy?那個(gè)男孩是誰？

—He is my cousin.他是我表弟。

3.Lunch is from 12:00 to 1:00.

from...to...意為“從……到……”，可用來指時(shí)間，也可用來指地點(diǎn)。例如：

①I work from Monday to Friday.我從星期一到星期五工作。

②It is very far from his home to school.從他家到學(xué)校很遠(yuǎn)。

4.Can you give me some advice, please?

advice意為“建議；勸告”，是不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式，不可用不定冠詞或數(shù)詞修飾，但可用some、any、much、a lot of等詞修飾。要表達(dá)“一條建議”，應(yīng)用a piece of advice來表示。例如：

①Let me give you a piece of advice.讓我給你提一條建議吧。

②This is some advice to you.這是我給你的一些建議。

5.Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.

unless是從屬連詞，意為“除非；如果不”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件從句的否定形式。例如：

Unless you work harder, you will not pass the examination. (=If you don't work harder, you will not pass the examination.) 如果不加倍努力一點(diǎn)，你就不能通過考試。

6.So you're halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it.

介詞by在此意為“通過(……方法)；使用(……方式)”，后面要接動(dòng)詞-ing形式。例如：

I told him about the news by sending an email.我是通過發(fā)電子郵件告訴他這消息的。

7.Some students often forgot that their parents have more experience.

experience作“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”解時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；作“經(jīng)歷”解時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。例如：

①She is a teacher with 25 years' experience.她是一位有25年教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。

②He had a pleasant experience.他有過一段愉快的經(jīng)歷。

experience還可用作動(dòng)詞，意為“經(jīng)歷；感受”。例如：

They experienced a lot of difficulties.他們經(jīng)歷了很多困難。

8.Well, the more I got to know Julie, the more I've realized that we have a lot in common.

“the +比較級(jí)，the +比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“越……，就越……”，表示逐漸地增加。例如：

①The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越細(xì)心，出的錯(cuò)就越少。

②The higher you climb, the farther you will see.你爬得越高，就看得越遠(yuǎn)。

9．I'd rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I'm eating.

would rather意為“寧愿；寧可”，通常縮寫為'd rather，后接動(dòng)詞原形，其否定形式是would rather not do sth.。例如：

①He would rather work in the countryside.他寧可到農(nóng)村去工作。

②The girl would rather not say anything.這個(gè)女孩什么也不愿說。

【拓展】would rather...than...意為“寧愿……也不愿；是……而不是……”，would rather和than的后面都要接動(dòng)詞原形，但如果該句型前后連接的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞相同，那么than之后的那個(gè)動(dòng)詞可省去。例如：

①They would rather go fishing than stay at home.他們寧愿去釣魚，也不愿待在家里。

②I'd rather play football than basketball.我寧愿踢足球，也不想打籃球。

10.Neither medicine nor rest can help him.

neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”，可連接各種并列成分。當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與nor后面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例如：

①I have neither time nor money.我既沒有時(shí)間也沒有錢。

②Neither I nor my father enjoys the music.我和我父親都不喜歡這種音樂。

③It is neither hot nor cold in winter here.冬天這兒既不熱也不冷。

11.By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already shown up.

show up意為“如約趕到；露面”，是固定短語(yǔ)。例如：

①He didn't show up in the meeting this morning.他今天早上沒有參加會(huì)議。

②I promise you that he will show up.我向你保證他肯定會(huì)來的。

◇真題鏈接

1.—_____do you like Wolf Warriors II?

—Because it's exciting.

【2018·綏化中考題】

A.Why B.What C.How

【答案與解析】A 本題考查疑問詞。 A.Why“為什么”；B.What“什么”；C.How“怎樣”。句意：——你為什么喜歡《戰(zhàn)狼2》？——因?yàn)樗钊伺d奮。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.—_____will you ask for help when you are in trouble？

—My parents, I think.

【2017·孝感中考題】

A.Who B.What

C.Where D.When

【答案與解析】A 句意：——當(dāng)你遇到困難時(shí)，你會(huì)向誰求助？——我的父母，我認(rèn)為。對(duì)人提問的疑問詞用who。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.Please give me some_____on how to spend the coming weekend.

【2018·鹽城中考題】

A.space B.advice

C.praise D.courage

【答案與解析】B A.space“空間”；B.advice“建議”；C.praise“贊揚(yáng)；稱贊”；D.courage“勇氣”。根據(jù)句意“請(qǐng)給我一些關(guān)于如何度過即將到來的周末的建議。”判斷，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。

4.Lots of people exercise every morning_____bad weather stops them.

【2018·重慶B卷中考題】

A.if B.unless

C.until D.since

【答案與解析】B A.if“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；B.unless“除非；如果不”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；C.until“到……時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；D.since“自從”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意判斷，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。

5._____convenient the way is! We can pay money_____scanning QR codes (二維碼) in many shops.

【2018·龍東中考題】

A.How; for B.How; by C.What; by

【答案與解析】B 第一句為感嘆句，應(yīng)用how來修飾形容詞。第二句意為“在許多商店里我們可通過掃描二維碼來支付費(fèi)用。”，介詞by有“用……方式”的意思，故選B項(xiàng)。

6.—I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbing.

—Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of_____in doing it.

【2018·福建中考題】

A.experience B.trouble C.courage

【答案與解析】A A.experience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”；B.trouble“麻煩”；C.courage“勇氣”。根據(jù)句意“他在這方面很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)”判斷，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

7.—Do you prefer_____basketball with me?

—No, I'd rather_____at home and watch TV.

【2017·達(dá)州中考題】

A.play; stay B.to play; to stay

C.play; to stay D.to play; stay

【答案與解析】D prefer后面可跟動(dòng)詞不定式，would rather后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形。故選D項(xiàng)。

8.Neither Tom nor I_____interested in playing WeChat.

【2018·蘭州中考題】

A.am B.is C.are D.be

【答案與解析】A neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”，連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)遵循“就近原則”，句子中離謂語(yǔ)最近的主語(yǔ)是I，所以用am。

9.—How hard you are working, Helen!

—We must! President Xi said that_____we are,_____we will be.

【2018·黃岡中考題】

A.the more hard-working; the luckier

B.the hard-working; the lucky

C.more hard-working; luckier

D.the most hard-working; the luckiest

【答案與解析】A “the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……越……”。句意：——海倫，你們工作多么努力啊！——我們必須努力。習(xí)主席說了，我們?cè)角趭^，我們將越幸運(yùn)。hard-working意為“勤奮的”，是形容詞的原級(jí)，其比較級(jí)形式是more hard-working（更勤奮的），最高級(jí)形式是the most hard-working（最勤奮的）。lucky意為“幸運(yùn)的”，是形容詞的原級(jí)，其比較級(jí)形式是luckier（更幸運(yùn)的），最高級(jí)形式是the luckiest（最幸運(yùn)的）。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

◇鞏固練習(xí)

根據(jù)句意，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇正確的答案。

1.—_____do you like ping-pong?

—Because it is relaxing.

A.How B.When

C.Why D.Where

2.He goes to work_____Monday to Saturday.

A.on B.in C.at D.from

3.—_____is the young man with a pair of glasses？

—My uncle, John.

A.How B.Who C.Where D.What

4.—What_____can you give me on learning English?

—I think you can join an English club.

A.advice B.news

C.messages D.information

5.—The air pollution is terrible.

—Yes. It will be worse_____we take action to protect the environment.

A.if B.unless

C.until D.when

6.I think you can improve your English_____practicing more.

A.by B.with C.of D.in

7.—What do you think of your last trip?

—I had a very scary_____in the mountains. I won't go there again.

A.assistant B.experience

C.station D.souvenir

8.My father would rather_____the old bike than_____a new one.

A.repair；to buy

B.to repair；buy

C.repair；buy

D.to repair；to buy

9.—How do you like the two white T-shirts?

—They don't fit me well. They are_____too long_____too short.

A.not only; but also

B.both; and

C.neither; nor

D.either; or

(答案見第64頁(yè))