護泉，濟南人揮之不去的情愫

文、圖／李瑞勇

泉水是濟南聞名世界的獨特名片，是濟南的靈魂，是世代濟南人為之驕傲的本錢。這個城市因泉而生，因泉而建，因泉而發展。濟南有六大泉群、七十二名泉。位于濟南趵突泉公園內的趵突泉則是濟南七十二名泉之首，被譽為“天下第一泉”。著名文學家蒲松齡則評價趵突泉是“海內之名泉第一，齊門之勝地無雙”。

我小時候經常到趵突泉公園看泉水，那時的“三股水”冒得很高，池底安裝著粗粗的大管子，問了大人才知道那是自來水廠安裝的抽水管道。那個年代，自來水廠就在現在的趵突泉池邊，離泉池僅一墻之隔。

那時的人們以為趵突泉是取之不盡用之不竭的天然地下水庫，從未想過泉水還會干枯。但隨著開采，不知從什么時候開始，趵突泉的水不多了。后來就不允許開采了，水廠也搬走了。長大后才知道，隨著濟南的城市擴張，用水量大幅提升，加上無序的開發取水，再趕上那幾年大旱，直接造成了趵突泉斷流甚至干涸。趵突泉干涸后，大多數的濟南人心里都十分不是滋味，不甘心上蒼賜予泉城的“家底”就這樣悄無聲息地消逝。于是，政府和許多有識之士便開始了節水保泉的行動和研究。

1981年6月，中共濟南市委和共青團濟南市委組織各界青年數百人，義務挖除淤泥清理趵突泉。那個年代，人們的精神面貌非常好，大家都認為義務勞動是應盡的責任。所以一經號召，許多政府部門、事業單位和工礦企業的共青團組織都紛紛響應，在沒有施工器械的情況下，工地邊上放個水桶，男女青年齊上陣，大家用锨挖，用筐抬，人工吊運污泥，中午自帶干糧，用辛勤的汗水為天下第一泉來了個徹底的“凈身”。

○趵突泉涌。Baotu Spring is gushing.

○1981年，政府組織青年清理泉池淤泥。In 1981, the government organized the young people to clean up sludge of the spring.

隨后的日子里，趵突泉依然斷斷續續停噴過幾次，政府和百姓一直在苦苦探索節水保泉之路。大力倡導全民節水保泉意識，強制關停地下水開采，開展補水回灌，經過不懈努力終于讓泉水重回泉城。2003年，趵突泉復涌，而且一噴就是14年，至今沒有斷流。而濟南市政府更通過立法加大了對泉水的保護力度，通過各方努力，相信泉城“家家泉水，戶戶垂楊”的美麗景色會一直延續下去。

○1988年春拍攝的趵突泉留影，可以清晰看到趵突泉干涸的情景。The picture shot in the spring of 1988 clearly shows the Baotu Spring was drying up.

○2003年趵突泉復噴后，市民在泉畔寫生。In 2003, after Baotu Spring gushed again, people sketched beside the spring.

編輯／王雪芃

Spring water is the unique card of Jinan in the world,as well as the soul of Jinan. Jinan has six spring groups, including more than 72 famous springs.Baotu Spring in Baotu Spring Park ranks first among the 72 springs, and is honored as “No. 1 Spring under Heaven”.

When I was young, I always went to Baotu Spring Park to see spring water. At that time, people thought Baotu Spring was an inexhaustible natural underground reservoir. However, with the constant exploitation, Baotu Spring faced drying up. In June, 1981, the CPC Jinan Municipal Committee and Communist Youth League Committee organized hundreds of young volunteers to dig sludge out of Baotu Spring.

After that, the government and the people have explored the way of spring protection. In 2003, Baotu Spring gushed again, and has kept gushing for 14 years.With our effort, we believe that the beautiful scenery of“Spring water bubbles in the courtyard of every family and willows wave in front of very family gate” will continue for ever.

○2010年，外國友人在泉水邊游玩嬉戲。In 2010, foreigners had fun beside the spring water.

○2016年國際泉水文化景觀城市聯盟在濟南成立。In 2016, the International Spring Cultural Landscape City Union was established in Jinan.