尋根究底齊探究 巧用動詞ing

蘭州市教育科學研究所田黎供稿

動詞的ing形式運用廣泛，但有時也會讓你感到困惑。作主語、作賓語、作定語、作狀語、作表語……乍一看去，讓人望而生畏，但只要用心體會、尋根究底、活學活用，你會發現它讓英語語言變得更加生動。讓我們一起來感受它的奧妙和規律，巧用動詞ing！

一、重溫課本，用心感悟

我們的英語課本中有很多動詞ing的用法，一起重溫這些句子，想想動詞ing在句中的作用吧！

Tips:

◆動詞ing作主語時，常被當作不可數名詞使用。

◆其后接動詞ing作賓語的動詞有：practice、mind、miss、avoid、finish、keep、consider、suggest、admit、have fun、enjoy等。

◆常見的其他使用動詞ing的固定搭配有：be busy doing…、have difficult/problem/trouble(in) doing、spend…(in) doing…、can’t help doing…、prefer doing…to doing…

◆動詞其后既可接不定式，又可接動詞ing，但意思不同的有：stop、remember、forget、try、go on等。

1. Smiling is a universal language.（冀教，Book 5，P.136）

作主語，相當于名詞

2. I practised playing basketball for hours.（蘇教，Book 5，P.54）

作動詞賓語，相當于名詞

3. I study for a test by working with a group.（人教，Book 5，P.1）

作介詞賓語，相當于名詞

4. In Ghana English is used as a working language.（外研社，Book 5，P.51）

作定語，相當于形容詞

5. When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me.（人教，Book 5，P. 51）

作定語，相當于形容詞

6. I am watching TV.（人教，Book 2，P.31）

和“am”一起構成現在進行時態（be＋Ving）構成謂語

7. There will be many exciting things waiting for you.（人教，Book 5，P. 110）

表示伴隨、正在發生，作狀語

8. No swimming.（外研社，Book 6，P.30）

No＋動詞ing；表示“禁止做某事”

9. Did you go shopping?（人教，Book 3，P.3）

go＋動詞ing；可以表示“去做某事”

10. While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team.（蘇教，Book 5，P.50）

when/while＋動詞ing；時間狀語從句的省略

11. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.（人教，Book 5，P.46）

在with的復合結構中： 作介詞賓語

with＋賓語＋動詞ing，

表示主動、伴隨。

二、走進考題，尋根究底

2017年的各地中考試題對動詞ing的考查形式多樣，讓我們一起探索這些考查點的設計和應答思路吧！

1. The workers are busy ________ windows to the new building these days.（上海市，40小題）

A. fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix

［答案與解析］C 考查be busy doing sth.這個固定用法，表示“忙于做某事”。

2. Look! The boys are k______（踢）the ball around in the yard.（安徽省，93小題）

［答案與解析］kicking 考查現在進行時態的構成（am/is/are+動詞ing）。

3. People in ancient times believed that the plant named dogwood could drive away evil spirits and prevent them from _______（catch）an illness in winter.（福建省，90小題）

［答案與解析］catching 考查介詞賓語為動詞時用其ing形式。

4. My father has fun ________（talk）with old people.（山東省濰坊市，第五大題，6小題）

［答案與解析］talking 考查have fun doing sth.這個固定用法，表示“樂于做某事”。

5. —I called you this morning, but nobody answered.

—I ________ flowers in my garden at that time.（青海省西寧市， 25小題）

A. watered B. was watering C. water D. am watering

［答案與解析］B 考查時態判斷，根據句意可知，此句中at that time指“早上我給你打電話的時候”，為過去具體的某個時間點，句中應該使用過去進行時態（was/were+動詞ing）。

6. …Without ________（think）more, the dad and his daughter will often get out of their car and pick the rubbish up along their rubbish collecting trip.（湖北省襄陽市，80小題）

［答案與解析］thinking 考查without的復合結構表伴隨，think與其邏輯主語the dad and his daughter的關系為主動關系，故使用動詞ing形式。

三、活學活用，舉一反三

同學們，我們現在一起來挑戰一下自己，請用動詞的適當形式補全短文。

Thomas had never read much in his life and knew he was weak in _______ (read), so he practiced _______ (read) as much as he could. He hated _______ (write) in English too. As his grammar was quite weak, he can’t avoid _______ (make) grammar mistakes in his _______(write). He also planned to make himself busy _______ (write) as many essays as possible. As it turned out, Thomas actually really enjoyed _______ (study). He kept up his _______(study) for a number of months. Then came the time for Thomas to take the test. He couldn’t help _______(worry) before the test. Luckily, his teacher gave him some tips for ________ (take) tests. ______(think) of what the teacher told him, Thomas finished ______ (write) all his tasks after exactly 1 hour. Then came the time for his result. It’s not ________ (surprise) that he had been given a band 6, which showed he could now go and study abroad.