門診兩種降壓藥物短期降壓療效與不良反應的對比

鄧霞　劉鴻濤　劉江紅　謝展雄　王小康　鄭培麗

【摘要】 目的 探討門診兩種降壓藥物短期降壓療效與不良反應的對比。方法 150例原發性高血壓患者， 依據治療藥物的不同分為對照組和觀察組， 每組75例。對照組采用氨氯地平治療， 觀察組采用厄貝沙坦治療。比較兩組患者的臨床療效、血壓水平以及不良反應。結果 觀察組治療總有效率為84.00%， 略高于對照組的81.33%， 但差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）。兩組患者治療后的收縮壓和舒張壓均優于治療前， 差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。治療后兩組收縮壓、舒張壓水平比較差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）。觀察組頭暈頭痛、嗜睡、乏力等不良反應發生率（9.33%）明顯低于對照組（20.00%）， 差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 厄貝沙坦與氨氯地平治療原發性高血壓效果相當， 不良反應較為輕微， 是臨床理想的一線用藥。

【關鍵詞】 厄貝沙坦；氨氯地平；降壓；不良反應

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.36.054

Comparison of short-term antihypertensive efficacy and adverse reactions of two antihypertensive drugs in outpatient clinic DENG Xia， LIU Hong-tao， LIU Jiang-hong， et al. Department of Pharmacy， Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital， Shenzhen 518110， China

【Abstract】 Objective To compare the short-term antihypertensive efficacy and adverse reactions of two antihypertensive drugs in outpatient clinic. Methods A total of 150 essential hypertension patients were divided by different treatment drugs into control group and observation group， with 75 cases in each group. The control group was treated with amlodipine， and the observation group was treated with irbesartan. Comparison were made on clinical efficacy， blood pressure level and adverse reactions between two groups. Results The observation group had little higher total treatment effective rate as 84.00% than 81.33% in the control group， but the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. Both groups had better systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure than before treatment， and their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after treatment （P>0.05）. The observation group had obviously lower incidence of adverse reactions of dizziness headache， drowsiness， fatigue （9.33%） than the control group （20.00%）， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Irbesartan and amlodipine provides equal effect in treating essential hypertension patients with slight adverse reactions， and it is ideal first-line medication in clinic.

【Key words】 Irbesartan； Amlodipine； Antihypertensive； Adverse reactions

原發性高血壓是臨床常見的心血管疾病， 尤其好發于中老年人， 且隨著年齡的增高發病率明顯上升， 其對心、腦、腎等靶器官均有明顯損害， 能夠并發多種心腦血管、腎臟、眼部并發癥， 嚴重威脅患者的健康甚至造成死亡。因此， 如何有效防治高血壓， 降低高血壓對全身各臟器的損害是臨床探討的熱點之一。目前， 臨床可供選擇的降壓藥種類繁多， 作用機制不一， 患者對藥物的敏感性也有明顯差異， 給臨床的合理用藥帶來一定難度[1]。本研究分析厄貝沙坦與氨氯地平兩種門診常用降壓藥的短期療效和不良反應， 現匯報如下。

1 資料與方法

1. 1 一般資料 選取2016年4月～2017年4月在本院心內科收治的150例原發性高血壓患者， 依據治療藥物的不同分為觀察組和對照組， 每組75例。觀察組男36例， 女39例，endprint