熊鶯 孫午
[摘要] 目的 分析多重耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌的臨床分離和藥敏情況,并與普通鮑曼不動桿菌的情況進行比較。 方法 回顧性分析49株多重耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌和498株普通鮑曼不動桿菌的耐藥情況,采用χ2檢驗分析兩類細菌對常用抗菌藥物的敏感性差異。 結果 藥敏實驗證實產鮑曼不動桿菌多重耐藥株和普通株除對阿米卡星、多粘菌素B、氯霉素、氨曲南和頭孢唑啉的敏感性差異無統計學意義外(P>0.05),對其他抗菌藥物如亞南培南、環丙沙星等的敏感性都存在顯著性差異(P<0.05),多重耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌對很多抗菌藥物的耐藥率相比普通株都有很大程度的提高。 結論 多重耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌存在耐藥機制的多樣性情況,在臨床確診鮑曼不動桿菌多重耐藥株感染時應根據藥敏結果合理用藥,同時應珍惜使用對多重耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌和普通鮑曼不動桿菌治療同樣有效的多粘菌素B及阿米卡星等抗菌藥物。
[關鍵詞] 鮑曼不動桿菌;多重耐藥;多粘菌素B;阿米卡星
[中圖分類號] R378.9 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 1673-9701(2017)36-0128-03
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical isolation and drug susceptibility of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and to compare with that of Acinetobacter baumannii. Methods The drug resistance of 49 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and 498 ordinary Acinetobacter baumannii was retrospectively analyzed. The differences of the sensitivity of the two kinds of bacteria to commonly used antimicrobial agents were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results The results of drug susceptibility test showed that there was no significant difference in the sensitivity to amikacin,polymyxin B, chloramphenicol, aztreonam and cefazolin between the multidrug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and the common strains (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the sensitivity to other antibacterial drugs such as imipenem and ciprofloxacin(P<0.05). The drug resistance rate of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii to many antibacterials have greatly improved, compared to that of ordinary strains. Conclusion There are a diversity of drug resistance mechanisms for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. When the infection of Acinetobacter baumannii multi-drug-resistant strains is clinically diagnosed, the drug should be used rationally according to the susceptibility results. At the same time,the antibiotics such as polymyxin B and amikacin, which have the same effect on multidrug-resistant strains and the common strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, shoud be used carefully.
[Key words] Acinetobacter baumannii; Multi-drug resistance; Polymyxin B; Amikacin
目前很多細菌產生耐藥機制來源于抗生素大量在臨床的應用,因而篩選出各種多重耐藥的菌株,可以減少對人類的生命健康造成的威脅。鮑曼不動桿菌是醫院感染的重要病原菌,近年來的感染在增多,并且其耐藥性日益嚴重,引起臨床和微生物學者的嚴重關注,本文通過對多重耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌和普通鮑曼不動桿菌藥敏情況的進行分析,希望進一步了解其耐藥情況,找出兩者耐藥率存在差異的抗生素,從而謹慎對待,合理指導臨床用藥,避免耐藥菌株的產生和擴散。
1 材料與方法
1.1 菌株來源
按衛生部《全國臨床檢驗操作規程》第2版進行操作,從本院2010年1月~2013年12月臨床送檢標本獲取547株鮑曼不動桿菌,其中498株為普通株,49株為多重耐藥株。
1.2 細菌鑒定和藥敏實驗
細菌鑒定和藥敏實驗采用BD公司的phoenix100全自動微生物鑒定和藥敏分析儀,“中介”結果納入“耐藥”處理以便于統計分析處理。……p>