多學(xué)科聯(lián)合對(duì)妊娠糖尿病患者飲食干預(yù)效果觀察

陳雪云

[摘要] 目的 探討多學(xué)科聯(lián)合對(duì)妊娠糖尿病患者飲食干預(yù)效果觀察。 方法 選取我院2014年4月～2016年10月的106例妊娠糖尿病患者進(jìn)行護(hù)理干預(yù)，根據(jù)干預(yù)方法不同分為試驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組各53例，對(duì)照組采用常規(guī)飲食護(hù)理，試驗(yàn)組在對(duì)照組的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行多學(xué)科聯(lián)合干預(yù)，觀察兩組患者的母嬰結(jié)局、并發(fā)癥情況及滿意度。 結(jié)果 試驗(yàn)組對(duì)胎兒和新生兒的影響程度明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；試驗(yàn)組的并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率明顯低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；試驗(yàn)組患者的滿意度（98.1%）明顯高于對(duì)照組（79.2%），差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ2=6.956，P<0.05）。 結(jié)論 對(duì)妊娠糖尿病患者進(jìn)行多學(xué)科聯(lián)合的飲食干預(yù)可以很好地改善患者的并發(fā)癥情況，減少新生兒的影響，患者滿意度比較高。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 妊娠糖尿病；多學(xué)科；飲食干預(yù)；滿意度

[中圖分類號(hào)] R473.71 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701（2017）36-0155-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of multidisciplinary combination on diet intervention in gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Methods 106 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus in our hospital from April 2014 to October 2016 were treated with nursing intervention. According to the intervention methods， the patients were divided into experimental group （n=53） and control group （n=53）. The control group was treated with regular diet nursing. The experimental group was treated with multidisciplinary joint intervention on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The maternal and infant outcomes， complications and satisfaction between the two groups of patients were observed. Results The effect of experimental group on fetus and newborn was significantly better than that of control group， and there was significant difference between two groups （P<0.05）. The complication rate of experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group， and there was significant difference between two groups （P<0.05）. The satisfaction of patients in experimental group（98.1%） was significantly higher than that of control group（79.2%）， with statistical significance （χ2=6.956， P<0.05）. Conclusion The diet intervention by multidisciplinary combination for gestational diabetes mellitus patients can improve the patient's complications， reduce the impact of newborns， with high satisfaction in patients.

[Key words] Gestational diabetes mellitus； Multidiscipline； Diet intervention； Satisfaction degree

妊娠糖尿病是妊娠期婦女比較常見(jiàn)的疾病，對(duì)產(chǎn)婦和新生兒具有嚴(yán)重的影響。妊娠糖尿病會(huì)導(dǎo)致胎兒的發(fā)育出現(xiàn)異常，出現(xiàn)羊水過(guò)多、產(chǎn)褥感染、腎盂腎炎、難產(chǎn)、巨大胎、產(chǎn)道損傷、新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征等，病情嚴(yán)重可致孕婦死亡[1-2]。因此對(duì)該病治療的同時(shí)需要進(jìn)行飲食方面的干預(yù)，使患者控制糖尿病的發(fā)展，減少對(duì)新生兒的影響及并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生。將多學(xué)科聯(lián)合應(yīng)用于妊娠糖尿病患者的飲食干預(yù)的研究較少，沒(méi)有明確的結(jié)果，因此本研究將多學(xué)科聯(lián)合用于妊娠糖尿病患者的飲食干預(yù)，從而確定多學(xué)科聯(lián)合應(yīng)用效果。現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

選取我院2014年4月～2016年10月的106例妊娠糖尿病患者進(jìn)行護(hù)理干預(yù)，所有患者均符合2014美國(guó)糖尿病指南：糖尿病診療標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[3]，認(rèn)知功能完整，可定期前來(lái)隨訪和產(chǎn)前檢查；患者知情并愿意參加本次研究。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：不合作的患者；……