余博 黃強 甘心榮 蘇華生
[摘要] 目的 探討外固定支架急診治療不穩定骨盆骨折的臨床療效。 方法 選取2013年6月~2016年8月間我院收治的22例不穩定骨盆骨折采用外固定支架的方式進行治療,術后定期影像學隨訪,以患者步態、疼痛情況、肢體長度、髖關節活動度、骨折復位情況等為標準進行綜合評價。 結果 20例獲得隨訪,隨訪時間12~42個月,平均(24.0±2.1)個月。術后6個月綜合評價,優13例占66%,良4例占25%,可3例占9%,優良率91%。 結論 對于不穩定型的骨盆骨折,骨盆外固定架能迅速完成骨折的復位固定,能起到積極的抗休克作用,同時既可作為部分不穩定骨折的最終固定方法,也可作為臨時固定,是一種簡單有效、微創安全的治療方法。
[關鍵詞] 外固定支架;急診;不穩定;骨盆骨折
[中圖分類號] R683.3 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 1673-9701(2017)36-0071-03
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical effect of external fixator in the treatment of unstable pelvic fractures. Methods 22 patients with unstable pelvic fractures admitted in our hospital from June 2013 to August 2016 were treated with external fixation. The patients were followed up for radiography regularly and were comprehensively evaluated according to their gait, pain, limb length, hip mobility, fracture reduction. Results 20 cases were followed up for 12-42 months with an average of(24.0±2.1)months. At 6 months after surgery, the comprehensive evaluation was conducted. There were 13 cases of excellence(accounting for 66%), 4 cases of good(accounting for 25%), 3 cases of acceptable(accounting for 9%), with excellent and good rate of 91%. Conclusion For unstable pelvic fractures, pelvic external fixator can quickly complete the fracture fixation, can play a positive anti-shock effect. And the pelvic external fixator can not only be the final fixation of some unstable fractures, but also be a temporary fixation, which is a simple, effective, minimally invasive and safe treatment.
[Key words] External fixator;Emergency;Instability;Pelvic fracture
不穩定骨盆骨折通常是高能量暴力所致的嚴重創傷,常合并其他臟器損傷,可直接導致失血性休克,死亡率高[1,2]。骨盆外固定架早期應用于不穩定性骨盆骨折可有效地穩定骨盆,控制出血,減輕疼痛和治療其他損傷,同時也降低了后期必要時需行切開復位內固定術的難度[3]。選取2013年6月~2016年8月間本院對于22例不穩定骨盆骨折,急診采用骨盆外固定支架治療,療效滿意,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
本組22例患者中,男16例,女6例;年齡23~62歲,平均(36.7±4.3)歲;致傷原因:高處墜落傷11例,交通事故傷9例,重物壓傷2例;閉合傷21例,開放傷1例;合并休克2例,顱腦損傷3例,髖臼骨折5例,股骨、脛腓骨骨折3例,尿道斷裂1例;……