夏慧 劉首明 夏清華
【摘要】 目的:研究慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者常見致病菌菌群分布及耐藥性分析,以指導臨床合理藥。方法:收集本院2016年1-12月收住入院的404例COPD患者的痰標本進行細菌培養和耐藥性分析。結果:在404例COPD患者中,分離出284株致病菌,其中革蘭陰性桿菌占73.2%,以肺炎克雷伯氏菌(40.4%)、銅綠假單胞菌(23.1%)、大腸埃希氏菌(22.6%)占前3位;革蘭陽性球菌占19.7%,以金黃色葡萄球菌(69.6%)、肺炎鏈球菌(21.4%)、糞腸球菌為(8.9%)多見;真菌占7.0%,以白色念珠菌(60.0%)、熱帶念珠菌(25.0%)為主。結論:COPD患者的致病菌組成不同,以革蘭陰性桿菌為主,革蘭陽性球菌感染比重有所上升。目前細菌耐藥情況嚴峻,臨床醫生應根據患者的細菌藥敏情況進行綜合評估,制定合理的抗生素使用方案。
【關鍵詞】 慢性阻塞性肺疾病; 致病菌; 耐藥性
Analysis of the Common Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases/XIA Hui,LIU Shou-ming,XIA Qing-hua.//Medical Innovation of China,2017,14(24):103-105
【Abstract】 Objective:To study the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),so as to guide rational drug use in clinic.Method:Sputum samples of 404 patients with COPD in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2016 were collected for bacterial culture and drug resistance analysis.Result:284 pathogenic bacteria were separated from 404 COPD patients.Therein,Gram negative bacilli occupy 73.2%,among which Klebsiella Pneumoniae(40.4%),Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (23.1%) and Escherichia Coli(22.6%) rank top 3;Gram positive coccus occupy 19.7%,among which Staphylococcus Aureus(69.6%),Streptococcus Pneumoniae (21.4%) and Enterococcus Faecalis (8.9%) were common;fungus occupies 7.0%,which mainly includes Candida Albicans (60.0%) and Candida Tropicalis(25.0%).Conclusion:The constitution of COPD patients pathogenic bacteria is different,and Gram negative bacilli occupy the major part while the proportion of Gram positive coccus rises.At current the situation of drug resistance is serious,clinicians shall evaluate the patients situation of drug sensitivity comprehensively and offer a reasonable plan for use of antibiotics.
【Key words】 Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases; Pathogenic bacteria; Drug resistance
First-authors address:Qingyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Qingyuan 511500,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.24.030
在臨床上,COPD合并肺部感染是患者病情加重和惡化的主要原因,所以對COPD患者的病原菌分布及藥敏耐藥情況,進行研究分析與總結,對臨床用藥有重要的指導意義[1-2]。本研究對本院COPD患者進行痰培養和藥敏試驗,分析病原菌分布和耐藥情況,現報告如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料 選擇本院2016年1-12月年404例已確診的COPD患者作為研究對象。其中男204例,女200例,平均年齡(67.6±15.3)歲。所有入選對象均表現為咳嗽、發熱、氣急及氣喘等臨床癥狀,所有病例診斷均符合2007年中華醫學會呼吸病學分會慢性阻塞性疾病學組制定的《慢性阻塞性肺疾病診治指南》(2007年修訂版)的診斷標準[3]。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 檢測情況 對所有患者進行深部痰液的致病菌培養、鑒定及藥敏試驗,本組試驗404例COPD患者中,分離出284株致病菌,觀察記錄致病菌的比例和主要的革蘭陽性菌與革蘭陰性菌耐藥率,進行綜合比較,分析所有患者致病菌檢測結果和藥敏結果。……