吳海梅 陳曉遠 張宇鵬
摘要[目的]探究不同NH+4/NO-3比例時水稻在水分脅迫下相關生理指標的變化。[方法]以豐兩優1號為試驗材料,在實驗室水培條件下,分別設置3個不同NH+4/NO-3比例(0/100,50/50,100/0)和2個水分條件(+PEG,-PEG),研究水稻苗期生理特性的變化。[結果]不管何種NH+4/NO-3比例和水分條件,水稻苗期的根冠比都有一定程度的增大;水分脅迫條件下,NH+4/NO-3比例為0/100處理的根冠比變化最大,NH+4/NO-3比例為100/0處理的水勢整體達到最低值,NH+4/NO-3比例為50/50處理的水勢和木質部液流的pH相對穩定變化。非水分脅迫條件下,NH+4/NO-3比例為50/50處理的水稻幼苗生長最好,其次是NH+4/NO-3比例為0/100處理,NH+4/NO-3比例為100/0處理相比之下略差于另外2組。[結論]該研究為了解水勢和木質部液流的關系提供了依據。
關鍵詞水稻;NH+4/NO-3比例;水分脅迫;水勢;根冠比
中圖分類號S511文獻標識碼
A文章編號0517-6611(2017)23-0014-03
Effects of Different NH+4/NO-3 Ratios and Water Condition on Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings
WU Haimei,CHEN Xiaoyuan*,ZHANG Yupeng et al
(Henry School of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Shaoguan University,Shaoguan,Guangdong 512005)
Abstract[Objective] To investigate the changes of physiological indexes of rice seedlings at different NH+4/NO-3 ratios under different soil water stress.[Method] Took Fengliangyou No.1 as the experimental materials in the laboratory under hydroponic conditions,3 kinds of NH+4/NO-3 ratios (0/100, 50/50,100/0) and 2 kinds of water conditions (+PEG, -PEG) were set up to study the changes of physiological indexes of rice seedlings.[Result] Regardless of NH+4/NO-3 ratio and water condition, the rootcanopy ratio of rice seedling had a certain degree of increase.Under the condition of water stress, the changes of rootcanopy ratio reached the biggest at the NH+4/NO-3 ratio of 0/100, the overall water potential reached the lowest at the NH+4/NO-3 ratio of 100/0 , the changes of water potential and pH were relatively stable at the NH+4/NO-3 ratio of 50/50.Under the condition of non water stress, the growth of rice seedlings under the NH+4/NO-3 ratio of 50/50 was the best, followed by the NH+4/NO-3 ratio of 0/100, the treatment of the NH+4/NO-3 ratio of 100/0 was slightly lower than that of the other two groups.[Conclusion]The study provided the basis to understand the relationship between the water potential and the xylem flow.
Key wordsRice;NH+4/NO-3 ratio;Water stress;Water potential;Rootcanopy ratio
基金項目廣東自然科學基金項目(2014A030307013)。
作者簡介吳海梅(1991—),女,廣東茂名人,本科生,專業:園藝。*通訊作者,教授,博士,從事作物高效施肥、水分管理、土壤方面的研究。
收稿日期2017-04-20
我國人均水量不足2 400 m3,僅為世界人均水量的1/4,被聯合國列為13個貧水國家之一[1]。我國有1/3以上的地區為干旱和半干旱地區,即使在非干旱地區也經常會發生突發性干旱,干旱成為影響糧食生產的一種常見的環境脅迫。水分脅迫常常對植物的生長發育、生理過程以及品質和產量造成很大的影響[2]。作為我國主要糧食作物之一的水稻,其生長耗水量大,占農業用水量的65%以上。水稻具有水生、半水生以及旱生的生物學特征,是比較適合我國缺水環境栽培的一種糧食作物。……