陳強

[摘要]目的 探討纖維支氣管鏡肺泡灌洗術治療兒童大葉性肺炎的臨床效果。方法 選擇2015年8月~2016年11月我院收治的80例大葉性肺炎患兒作為研究對象,根據隨機數字表法分為觀察組和對照組,各40例。對照組實施抗感染、止咳化痰、退熱等常規藥物治療,觀察組在對照組的基礎上實施纖維支氣管鏡肺泡灌洗術治療。比較兩組的臨床療效、退熱時間、咳嗽緩解時間、抗生素使用時間、肺部啰音消失時間、住院時間以及并發癥發生情況。結果 觀察組的治療總有效率為95.00%,顯著高于對照組的77.50%,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。觀察組的退熱時間、咳嗽緩解時間、抗生素使用時間、肺部啰音消失時間、住院時間顯著短于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。觀察組的并發癥發生率顯著低于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 實施纖維支氣管鏡肺泡灌洗術治療大葉性肺炎效果顯著,能有效提高患兒的臨床療效,縮短治療時間,降低并發癥發生率,安全性較高,在臨床應用中具有較高的推廣價值。
[關鍵詞]纖維支氣管鏡;肺泡灌洗;大葉性肺炎;兒童
[中圖分類號] R725.6 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-4721(2017)03(b)-0110-03
[Abstract]Objective To explore the clinical effect of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with bronchofibroscope (BFS) in the treatment of children with lobar pneumonia.Methods 80 children with lobar pneumonia in our hospital from August 2015 to November 2016 were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group by random number table method,40 cases in each geoup.The control group was treated with anti-infection,relieving cough and reducing sputum,abatement of fever,the observation group was given BAL with BFS on the basis of the control group.The clinical effects,fever clearance time,cough alleviation time,antibiotics consumption time,extinction time of lung rale,hospital stays and occurrence of complications of the two groups were compared.Results The curative total effective rate of the observation group was 95.00%,which was higher than that of the control group (77.50%),with significant difference (P<0.05).The fever clearance time,cough alleviation time,antibiotics consumption time,extinction time of lung rale and hospital stays of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).The incidence rate of complications of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of BAL with BFS in the treatment of children with lobar pneumonia is significant,it can effectively increase clinical efficacy,shorten treatment time,reduce the incidence of complications and have higher safety,which has higher promotional value in clinical application.
[Key words]Bronchofibroscope;Bronchoalveolar lavage;Lobar pneumonia;Children
大葉性肺炎是一種臨床常見的下呼吸道感染疾病,發病年齡較廣,常見于體質好且年長的兒童[1]。患兒臨床主要表現為胸痛、咳嗽等,病情嚴重時可發生呼吸困難、呼吸急促等危重癥狀,具有療程長、病情重、并發癥重等特點,對兒童身體健康造成嚴重危害[2],因此,早期診治大葉性肺炎對改善其療效及預后尤為重要。臨床常以抗感染藥物作為兒童大葉性肺炎的治療方式,雖能改善患兒癥狀,但效果欠佳。此外,傳統診斷主要以血液、痰液等檢查為主,均不能有效檢查出患兒發病原因,這增加了臨床治療兒童大葉性肺炎的難度[3]。隨著醫療建設的迅速發展,纖維支氣管鏡術逐漸成為診斷與治療呼吸系統疾病不可缺少的工具。肺泡灌洗術將潴留于肺泡和支氣管中的膿性分泌物、致病菌、炎性物質等引流出來,起到快速控制肺部感染的作用[4]。……