艾瑪·沃特森：現(xiàn)代人的現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義

2016-09-12 02:59:18fromEsquire翻譯秋斯

瘋狂英語·初中天地 2016年7期

from Esquire翻譯：秋斯

from Esquire
翻譯：秋斯

年少成名，從電影、模特事業(yè)和學(xué)業(yè)三不誤的常春藤名校畢業(yè)生，到出任聯(lián)合國婦女署親善大使和“他為她”（HeForShe）性別平等運(yùn)動的形象大使，再到成為牛津大學(xué)的訪問學(xué)者……現(xiàn)年26歲的學(xué)霸女神艾瑪·沃特森（Emma Watson）在人生的高峰上穩(wěn)步攀登，始終不驕不躁。在完成了新片《美女與野獸》（Beauty and the Beast）和《圓圈》（The Circle）的拍攝之后，2016年，艾瑪創(chuàng)辦了女權(quán)主義讀書會，并宣布息影一年專注于女權(quán)運(yùn)動和個人發(fā)展。本文節(jié)選自今年的英國《時尚先生》（Esquire）雜志就女權(quán)主義對話艾瑪?shù)膶ＴL。

Esquire （Hereinafter， ESQ）： A lot of men may have issues with describing themselves as “a1）feminist.” Why is it important this should change？

Emma Watson： There are2）misconceptions about the word. The way it is3）constructed—it's obviously got “feminine” in the word—immediately pushes men away from it， because they think， “Oh， it's got nothing to do with me.” Also， they have this idea that it is about women competing with men， or being against men， or wanting to be men， which is a huge misconception. Women want to be women. We just want to be treated4）equally. It's not about man hating. Bell Hooks注1says， “5）Patriarchy has no gender.” It's true.

ESQ： So， you get that it's tricky？

Emma： It's really easy to trip up. I do it all the time and I'm engaged with it every day. Even the way that our language is constructed is difcult. I say “guys” to a room of girls all the time. I've even come out with “6）Man up！” And I consider myself to be someone who is engaged with this topic. The language is so7）ingrained and8）unconscious it's easy to make a mistake. Gloria Steinem注2says feminism isn't about being perfect. Rebecca Solnit注3says it's not about being9）puritanical. We aren't expecting men to be gender experts， just engaged and10）conscientious. ESQ： It's one thing for Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg or another CEO to change their company's policy on11）parental leave or gender equality. But what can the average non-billionaire guy do？

Emma： Oh， it can be really basic. You just need to be an active12）bystander. Most men I've spoken to have come across a moment where they were in a group of guys and something was happening that made them feel uncomfortable. And when that moment comes， don't think it's not worth it to speak up or not your place to ruffle feathers. We need you to do that.

語法小知識

have issues with sth. 對某事持有異議，不同意某事

trip up 犯錯誤

engage with 與……建立密切關(guān)系

speak up 大膽地說，自由發(fā)表意見，辯護(hù)

rufe （one's） feathers 發(fā)怒

注1：貝爾·胡克斯（Bell Hooks，1952—），本名格洛麗亞·吉恩·沃特金斯（Gloria Jean Watkins），美國女權(quán)主義理論家、作家和社會激進(jìn)主義分子。

注2：格洛麗亞·斯泰納姆（Gloria Steinem，1934—），美國女權(quán)主義者、作家、記者、社會和政治活動家，是20世紀(jì)60年代后期和70年代婦女解放運(yùn)動的代表人物。

注3：麗貝卡·索爾尼特（Rebecca Solnit，1961—），美國作家。

1） feminist ［'femInIst］ n. 女權(quán)主義者feminine ［'femInIn］ n. 女性

2） misconception ［,mIsk?n'sep??n］ n. 誤解

3） construct ［k?n'str?kt］ v. 構(gòu)造

4） equally ［'i?kw?lI］ adv. 公平地，平等地equality ［i?'kw?l?tI］ n. 平等

5） patriarchy ［'peItrI,a?kI］ n. 父權(quán)制，族長政治

6） man ［m?n］ v. 使具有男子氣概，使振作精神

7） ingrained ［In'greInd］ adj. 根深蒂固的

8） unconscious ［?n'k?n??s］ adj. 未發(fā)覺的，無意識的

10） conscientious ［,k?n?I'en??s］adj. 憑良心辦事的

11） parental leave 育嬰假

12） bystander ［'baIst?nd?］ n. 旁觀者

ESQ： What would you like to come of it？

Emma： There's no point in me going， “You all have to go away from having read this article and decide that you are a feminist.” That's useless. The only thing that is going to make a diference is if men go away and speak to the women in their lives about what they are experiencing. Whether you identify or use the word or whatever is not the important thing. It's how you choose to act.

ESQ： The comedian Amy Schumer注4said recently， “Even the most beautiful girls think they are disgusting.” Would you agree？

Emma： Oh， they do， yeah. I know a few of them. I， as a 21-year-old， was riddled with insecurity and self-13）critiquing. Some of my friends still are. I realised that I didn't like friends taking photos of me when I wasn't working and I actually got in a fight about this issue. And I wondered， why is this bothering me？ Why does this make me so insecure？ And I realised it's because I can't even14）reconcile myself with my own image on the front of these magazines. Comparing myself to how I look， when I've gone through all of that makeup and styling， in my normal life is…just…I can't live up to it. I was like， “If that's how I feel—and I get to be the person who's on the cover of those magazines—how's anyone else meant to15）cope？”

ESQ： That must be weird for someone whose new haircut breaks the Internet.

Emma： Yeah， it's weird， but it's been a very16）empowering switch to go from me feeling as a young woman： “There's something wrong with me， I need to change this about me.” And then you start having a go at yourself for not liking yourself and you add another layer of17）hatred to the circle. And，18）ironically， it's probably made me more beautiful and more confdent as a result because I'm not carrying that anxiety any more. I don't think it's weird any more that I don't look like myself on the cover of a magazine.

ESQ： You're taking time off from acting now to focus on HeForShe full-time. Was that a hard decision？

Emma： This is the most fun I've ever had.

It's so awesome to be at the19）forefront of that

wave and that energy and just being able to

20）channel that which I found mildly horrifying—

all of the crazy attention on me—and doing

something good with it. It just feels like I'm really

doing what I'm meant to be doing.

語法小知識

come of 產(chǎn)生于，來自

There's no point in doing sth. 做某事沒有意義be riddled with 充滿，充斥

live up to 達(dá)到，符合，不辜負(fù)（他人的期望）be meant to 必須做……，要做……

have a go at sb. 指責(zé)、數(shù)落某人

take time of 抽出一部分時間，暫時停止工作

《時尚先生》（以下簡稱《時》）：很多男士可能不同意自稱“女權(quán)主義者”。為什么改變這種局面很重要？

艾瑪·沃特森：人們對這個詞有很多誤解。它的構(gòu)詞—很明顯包含了“女性”在里面—一下子就與男性拉開了距離，因為男士們會想：“哦，這跟我一點關(guān)系都沒有。”男士們還認(rèn)為女權(quán)主義是指女性與男性競爭，或與男性對抗，或想成為男性，這是極大的誤解。女人就只想成為女人。我們只是想被平等地對待。女權(quán)主義不是仇視男性。貝爾·胡克斯說過：“父權(quán)制并無性別之分。”所言極是。

《時》：那你意識到用詞問題很難對付了？

艾瑪：真的很容易犯錯。我每天都與之打交道，但也常常出錯。實際上我們語言的構(gòu)建方式是艱深復(fù)雜的。我常常將一屋子的女孩們稱呼為“兄弟姐妹們”。我還曾脫口說出“爺們一點兒！”我覺得自己與這個話題已經(jīng)密不可分了。語言有著根深蒂固、不易察覺的特性，人們很容易就會犯錯。格洛麗亞·斯泰納姆說過，女權(quán)主義并不是要追求完美。麗貝卡·索爾尼特說過，女權(quán)主義并不是要女人變得嚴(yán)肅古板。我們并不期望男人都成為社會性別專家，只要他們參與進(jìn)來，不昧良心就好。

《時》：臉書的總裁馬克·扎克伯格或其他公司的執(zhí)行總裁可以修改自己公司的育嬰休假或性別平等制度，但并非億萬富豪的普通男士能做些什么呢？

艾瑪：哦，其實很簡單，只需要做個積極的旁觀者就行了。大多數(shù)與我交流對話過的男士們都曾在社交場合上親歷過令人不適的情景。遇到這樣的情況時，不要認(rèn)為這不值得你直言不諱，也不要想著那不是你該大動肝火的地方。我們需要你行動起來。

《時》：你希望這樣能帶來怎樣的改觀？

艾瑪：我沒有理由會說：“你們?nèi)嫉迷谧x過這篇文章之后，自主地定義自己為女權(quán)主義者。”這么說沒有意義。唯一有實際意義的是男士們?nèi)ズ蜕磉叺呐越涣鳎私馑齻兊脑庥觥Ｄ闶欠裾J(rèn)可或使用“女權(quán)主義者”這個詞并不重要，重要的是你選擇采取什么樣的行動。

《時》：喜劇演員艾米·舒默最近說到：“即便是最美的那些女孩也會認(rèn)為自己招人討厭。”你同意這個說法嗎？

艾瑪：哦，女孩們就是這樣的，沒錯。我就認(rèn)識幾位這樣的女孩。我21歲的時候，心里也充滿了不安全感，總是對自己很挑剔。我的一些朋友至今還是這樣。我當(dāng)時發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不喜歡朋友在我不工作的時候給我拍照，其實我還因為這個問題跟朋友吵過架。我想弄清楚，為什么這會對我造成困擾？為什么拍個照讓我那么沒有安全感？然后我就發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是因為我甚至不能接受自己在雜志封面上的樣子。把真實的我與化妝、做造型之后的我相比較，現(xiàn)實生活中我的形象……就是……達(dá)不到理想的目標(biāo)。我就會想：“如果連我這樣有機(jī)會登上雜志封面的人都缺乏安全感，那么其他人又該怎么辦？”

《時》：對于一個換了新發(fā)型就會在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上引起轟動的人來說，懷有這種困擾一定很奇怪。

艾瑪：是的，很奇怪。但是我的心態(tài)已經(jīng)有了非常自主的轉(zhuǎn)變。當(dāng)我還是個稚嫩的女孩時，我覺得：

“我身上有什么地方不對勁，我需要改變它。”然后因為不喜歡自己而開始數(shù)落自己，并對自己的圈

子又多了一重恨意。而諷刺的是，如今大概是因為不再有那種焦慮，我變得更美、更自信了。我不

再認(rèn)為自己不像雜志封面上的樣子是很奇怪的事了。

《時》：你現(xiàn)在暫停了演藝事業(yè)，全心專注于“他為她”運(yùn)動，這是個艱難的決定嗎？

艾瑪：這是我一直以來最開心的決定了。能夠站在那股浪潮的前沿，傳遞那種能量—

盡管面對著讓我有點惶恐的狂熱關(guān)注—還能夠作出有益的貢

獻(xiàn)，感覺非常美妙。感覺我是真正在做我應(yīng)該做的事。

13） critique ［krI'ti?k］ v. 批評

14） reconcile ［'rek?nsaIl］ v. 使甘心，使無奈地接受

17） hatred ［'heItrId］ n. 憎恨，仇恨，惡意