屠呦呦獲諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎

屠呦呦成為首位獲得諾貝爾科學(xué)獎的中國公民，讓國人感到自豪。然而輿論卻并不是一面倒的贊譽(yù)。有些人質(zhì)疑獎項只頒發(fā)給屠呦呦一人，這對團(tuán)隊其他成員是否公平呢？顯然，屠呦呦獲諾貝爾獎引發(fā)的爭議折射出了中西方評獎的文化沖突。

Tu Youyou， an 84-year-old woman scientist， became the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct. 5， 2015. While the news has made the Chinese people have national pride， it has also highlighted1 differences in prize-awarding practices between China and the world.

2015年10月5日，84歲的女科學(xué)家屠呦呦成為第一位獲得諾貝爾科學(xué)類獎項的中國公民。她獲獎的消息讓中國人充滿了民族自豪感，也將中外評獎標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的差異推向了輿論的中心。

Tu， a researcher at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine， shared the 2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine with Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan for unlocking revolutionary2 treatments for parasitic3 diseases. Campbell and Omura were honored for their treatment used to against roundworms， while Tu came up with a new drug for malaria4.

屠呦呦，中國中醫(yī)科學(xué)院（China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine）研究員，同愛爾蘭科學(xué)家威廉·坎貝爾和日本科學(xué)家大村智一起獲得了2015年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎，以表彰他們在寄生蟲疾病治療研究方面取得的開創(chuàng)性成就。坎貝爾和大村發(fā)現(xiàn)了有效治療線蟲的藥物，而屠呦呦則創(chuàng)制了新型抗瘧疾藥物。

Tu conducted research in the 1970s that led to the discovery of artemisinin5， a drug that has considerably6 cut the number of malaria deaths and saved millions of lives. The treatment is based on a herb7 used in Chinese traditional medicine， called sweet wormwood8. Artemisinin-based drugs are now the standard treatment for malaria.

20世紀(jì)70年代，屠呦呦就開始進(jìn)行（抗瘧疾藥物）研究，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素。青蒿素大幅度地降低了瘧疾患者的死亡率，拯救了千百萬人的生命。這種瘧疾療法是由中醫(yī)草藥——青蒿而來。目前，使用青蒿素復(fù)方藥物已經(jīng)成為治療瘧疾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)療法。

When news broke that Tu was being awarded the prize， there were cheers as well as doubts. Some said the achievement was the result of collective efforts by lots of Chinese scientists， so it is unfair to award the prize only to Tu， China Youth Daily reported.

當(dāng)屠呦呦獲獎的消息被報道后，有人歡呼，也有人質(zhì)疑。《中國青年報》報道：有人認(rèn)為青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是大批中國科學(xué)家集體努力的成果，而諾獎卻只頒給了屠呦呦，這顯然不公平。

Indeed， domestic9 science awards are mainly presented to projects， instead of individual10 scientists， the newspaper pointed out.

該報還指出：國內(nèi)的科學(xué)獎項確實(shí)主要都是頒給科研項目而非科學(xué)家個人。

But Western awards tend to honor individual scientists who are the first to come up with a new idea or method， said Li Zhenzhen， a researcher with the China Academy of Sciences. “The West believes that the progress of science originates11 from individuals creative minds，” added Li.

中國科學(xué)院（China Academy of Sciences）研究員李真真告訴記者，西方獎項更傾向于將榮譽(yù)授予第一個提出某個新理念或新方法的科學(xué)家。……