微結構光纖的創新設計、精確制備及其標準化

楊四剛 羅文勇 張巍

摘 要：該研究形成了具有自主知識產權的微結構光纖制備的工藝技術體系，并構建了微結構光纖的科學制備流程，可實現基于定制型的微結構光纖的結構功能優化和精確制備，并完成了可用于精細化控制微結構光纖拉制的窄溫場拉絲塔建設，可用于實現微結構光纖的初步規模化生產；基于微結構光纖的超強抗彎的技術研究，提出了超強抗彎光纖的企業標準，將抗彎光纖的彎曲半徑提升到2 mm，超過當前國際ITU-T最高水平的一倍以上的水平，在微結構光纖的功能的標準化方面做出了初步的探索；自主設計了零色散波長在1060 nm的光子晶體光纖，在武漢郵電科學研究院進行了實際制作。實驗研究證明，制作出的光子晶體光纖在1060 nm波段泵浦時可以提供顯著的參量增益。利用制作的光子晶體光纖，成功實現了輸出波長在1.0μm波段連續可調的光纖參量振蕩器，波長調諧范圍從890～1270 nm；基于雙零色散微結構光纖，同時產生了可見色散波和中紅外色散波，利用可見波段的色散波和800 nm泵浦波之間的交叉相位調制作用，產生了200～400 nm的紫外光；因此實現了在近紅外和可見光、紫外光的大跨度波長變換；在先期工作基礎上提出并論證了發展光纖基實用化偏振糾纏雙光子源的全保偏方案，以此為基礎發展出光纖基偏振糾纏雙光子源實驗樣機，并提供中科大量子物理與量子信息相關研究組試用。進一步的，提出并論證了在同一保偏光纖中實現兩可預報單光子源，并實驗實現了輸出光子間的HOM干涉。這一工作論證了光纖基量子光源輸出量子態的量子相干特性，對于后續開展光纖基量子光源的實際應用研究具有重要意義；在先期工作以完成布拉格光纖氣體傳感應用的基礎上，創新地將聚合物光纖拉絲工藝與反諧振太赫茲波導的制備工作相結合，制備出光滑薄壁聚合物太赫茲波導管，實驗論證了該波導在太赫茲波段具有優良的多模導波性能。進一步提出了一種新型自支撐反諧振太赫茲波導結構，理論和實驗表明該結構在大帶寬范圍內低損耗導波，并具有單模太赫茲導波特性。這是首個報道的支持單模傳輸的大孔徑反諧振太赫茲波導設計，具有重要的學術和應用價值。

關鍵詞：微結構光纖 精確制備 標準化 波長變換 量子光源

Abstract：Thefabricationtechnology architecture of microstructured fibers with independent intellectual property rights has been obtained. A scientific fabrication process has also been built up. The microstructured fiber can be fabricated with the structural parameters coincided well with the theoretical design. A fiber drawing tower with narrow temperature field has also been developed. All these progresses can be used for large-scale production. Based on the theoretical and experimental investigations of bend insensitive optical fiber with ultra-high anti-bending performance， a corporation standard has been brought forward. The bending radius can be reduced to be only 2 mm， which is only half of the value specified by ITU. Primary works have been done for functional standardization. Microstructured fibers with zero dispersion wavelengths located at 1060 nm are designed and fabricated. In experiment， significant parametric gain can be obserevd with the fibers pumped near 1060 nm. Continuously tuned parametric oscillator is achieved in 1.0 μm wavelength band， and the output wavelength can be tuned from 890 nm to 1270 nm. Based on a PCF with two zero dispersion wavelengths designed and fabricated by us， giant dispersive waves are generated at visible and mid-infrared wavelength regions simultaneously. Based on the cross phase modulation between the visible dispersive wave and the pump wave at 800 nm， ultraviolet light can be generated in the wavelength region from 200 nm to 400 nm. Large span wavelength conversion from the infrared band to the visible light and even to ultraviolet band has been realized. A polarization maintaining scheme of fiber based polarization entangled photon pair sources is proposed and demonstrated. Based on the scheme， a prototype of practical quantum light source is developed and provided to research teams of quantum information for testing. Furthermore， a scheme of fiber based dual-heralded photon sources （D-HSPSs） is proposed and demonstrated. The HOM interferences between the output photons of the two HSPSs is realized. A fabrication process of THz fiber is proposed and demonstrated. It can fabricate anti-resonance THz pipe with thin wall and smooth surface. Experiments showe that the thin wall pipe support low loss multimode THz transmission. Furthermore， a self-supporting anti-resonance THz waveguide structure is proposed and demonstrated. It can support low loss wide band single mode THz transmission.

Key Words：Microstructuredfiber；Accurate Fabrication；Standardization；Wavelength Conversion；Quantum Light Source

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