牛羊分子細胞工程育種技術創新與優勢性狀新品種培育

劉明軍 張寧 賀三剛 張莉 劉小林

摘 要：利用全基因組關聯分析、候選基因等方法重點對我國部分地方牛羊品種開展了生長發育、產肉性狀和肉品質性狀、細毛羊毛品質性狀等重要經濟性狀相關分子標記的篩選，發現了一批與產肉性狀、生長性狀、細羊毛品質性狀相關的SNP、微衛星、CNVs和RFLP標記；建立了全基因組SNP關聯分析、全基因組CNVs檢測分析技術平臺，綿羊micorRNA鑒定、CRISPR/Cas9綿羊基因組編輯技術平臺；建立了我國主要牛羊品種的高密度SNP圖譜和CNV分型遺傳圖譜；利用基因標記輔助選擇育種，通過分子設計定向導入及現代胚胎工程技術對優良個體進行快繁擴群，初步建立了具有突出的高產肉力性狀、高繁殖力性狀和明確基因選擇標記的肉牛、肉羊育種資源群或育種核心群，同時充分利用現代生物技術和基因組學技術，對牛羊重要經濟性狀相關功能基因進行了發掘，為建立我國牛羊特色基因資源挖掘利用和高效育種技術平臺，為我國牛羊育種技術由常規技術向常規育種與分子和細胞工程育種技術相結合的轉變奠定基礎。

關鍵詞：草食家畜 分子標記 全基因組SNP關聯分析技術 優勢性狀新品系培育

The Research in Frontier Technology of Molecular Cell Engineering and Breeding of New Strain with Dominant Traits in Herbivorous Livestock

Liu Mingjun1 Zhang Ning1 He Sangang1 Zhang Li2 Liu Xiaolin3

（1.Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences； 2.Institute of Animal Science， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences； 3.Northwest A&F University）

Abstract： This topic was used the methods of genome-wide association analysis， the candidate genes key parts of cattle and sheep breeds in China carried out the growth and development， production traits and meat quality traits， fuzz wool quality traits， and other important economic characters related to screening of molecular markers， found a group of with meat traits， growth traits， fine wool quality traits related SNP， microsatellite， CNVs and RFLP markers； Established a genome-wide SNP correlation analysis， Sheep micorRNA identification， CRISPR/Cas9 sheep genome editing technology platform；analysis of genome-wide CNVs detection analysis technology platform， established in our country mainly cattle and sheep breeds of high-density SNP map and CNV parting genetic map； Using genetic marker assisted selection breeding by molecular design orientation import and modern embryo engineering technology to rapid expansion group of excellent individuals， primarily established with outstanding high meat， high fecundity traits and clear genetic selection markers of beef， mutton sheep breeding resources or the nucleus breeding group， at the same time make full use of modern biotechnology and genomics technology， important economic characters of cattle and sheep related functional genes were discovered， in order to establish our country's cattle and sheep characteristics using genetic resources mining and efficient breeding technology platform， for cattle and sheep breeding in China by the conventional technology to conventional breeding and molecular and cell engineering breeding technology with the combination of lay the foundation.

Key Words： Herbivorous livestock； Molecular Marker； Genome-wide SNP correlation analysis technology； The advantages of new strains breeding traits

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