地質災害體流動過程及其規律的跨尺度力學方法

摘 要：該研究針對工程地質體由碎裂性破壞到運動性破壞的演變過程，結合該階段體系內部顆粒→接觸力鏈網絡→體系多尺度結構，開展地質災害散體（比如碎屑流、泥石流和崩塌）起動機理、流動過程及其規律的跨尺度力學方法的研究。研究內容分為基礎研究和工程應用兩個層面，其中基礎研究層面集中在顆粒/顆粒作用、顆粒/孔隙水作用、松散地質流體/底床作用等基礎問題，確定內部接觸結構與宏觀流動本構關系的關聯，建立散體起動、形成、運動和淤積的統一動力學模型，開發高效數值求解方法；在得到野外觀測、室內試驗和無人機航拍得到的典型流動特征的驗證后，形成計算模塊集成到項目擬開發的監測和數值在線分析軟件，基于高性能計算應用于工程典型案例，比如研究武隆滑坡、汶川震區發生的碎屑流和泥石流，以及尾礦庫失穩流動等。重點研究如下內容。（1）分析地質災害散體的多尺度結構及其演變規律。（2）研究顆粒流變關系以及水對碎屑流的影響。（3）開展典型地質災害散體流動的試驗和計算。（4）提高無人機遙感影像技術精度，完善多參數、全天候滑坡征兆監測技術。通過完成上述研究，該課題可提出顆粒體系細觀結構關鍵物理量的分析方法，構建顆粒流變關系及參數確定方法，得到室內試驗和野外觀測的驗證，掌握滑坡體全參數監測技術和預警方法，開發完整地質災害無人機遙感影像獲取與三維建模技術，同時形成一支從事泥石流基礎研究的多學科交叉的高水平研究隊伍。

關鍵詞：起動機制和流動規律 無人機技術

Abstract：This work foucese on the behaviours of debris flows. By means of mutliscal ansylsis， i.e. individual particle， internal structure and bulk， the triggering mechanism， flow process and range will be investigated. This study is classied into fundamental stydies and engineering applciaitons. It involves interparticle interactions， particle-fluid inetcications， garmualr mertaials and bed interactions. Deternination of the realtionsship between internal stecture and conciotutitive models， and development of a general dynamical model describing the initial， formationa and developement of debris flows. The major contents are.（1）Analysis the mutlscaile structure and its evolutions.（2）Influence of fluid in rehologicail properties of debris flows.（3）Large scale experiments of debris flows and numerical simuaitons.（4）Unmanned palne capturing the geoharzard site By completing these objectives， the major quantities of internal strcutre can be decrisbed and the condition of cascade reservoirs or landslide lakes can be revealed systematically. The dam-break proliferation mechanisms under the condition of debris flow or landslide lakes can be revealed. The dam-break accumulated model of cascade reservoirs or landslide lakes can be established. Then， the key scientific problem， dam-break mechanism and risk control problem can be solved with the relevant subjects under complex conditions.Through theory and method researches of debris flow proliferation mechanisms of cascade reservoirs， science and technology developments are promoted in the aspects of debris flow and related fields. The overall technological level in the aspect of water conservancy and hydropower can be promoted. Meanwhile， a high-level multidisciplinary research team worked on the researches of debris flow will be formed.

Key Words：Debris flows； Triggering mechanics and flow processes； Unmanned planne

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