陳健紅 鄧瑞珍 劉砂沙 林梅香
516001 惠州市 廣東省惠州市中心人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科
?
IABP聯(lián)合機(jī)械通氣在急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者中的應(yīng)用及護(hù)理
陳健紅鄧瑞珍劉砂沙林梅香
516001惠州市廣東省惠州市中心人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科
摘要目的:探討主動(dòng)脈內(nèi)球囊反搏(IABP)聯(lián)合機(jī)械通氣(MV)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克(CS)患者中的應(yīng)用效果及護(hù)理。方法:收集2010年3月~2014年12月我院心內(nèi)科治療的43例AMI合并CS患者行IABP聯(lián)合MV治療的臨床和護(hù)理資料,觀察患者臨床治療結(jié)局、治療前后血流動(dòng)力學(xué)及呼吸相關(guān)指標(biāo)等。結(jié)果:43例患者中有26例搶救成功患者治療前后相關(guān)指標(biāo)明顯改善,且糾正了酸中毒狀態(tài),患者的心功能指標(biāo)均較前明顯改善(P<0.05);死亡17例。結(jié)論:IABP聯(lián)合MV是治療AMI合并CS患者的有效措施,采取嚴(yán)密措施保證管道安全、加強(qiáng)生命體征的監(jiān)測(cè)、預(yù)防及減少并發(fā)癥是改善臨床治療效果的關(guān)鍵。
關(guān)鍵詞急性心肌梗死;機(jī)械通氣;心源性休克;主動(dòng)脈內(nèi)球囊反搏;護(hù)理
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9676.2016.03.016
Usage and nursing of IABP combining with mechanical ventilation for patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiac shock
CHEN Jian-hong,DENG Rui-zhen,LIU Sha-sha,et al(Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital,Huizhou516001)
AbstractObjective:To explore the effect and nursing of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) combing with mechanical ventilation (MV) for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiac shock (CS).Methods:Clinical and nursing data of 43 cases of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiac shock (CS) admitted to the cardiology department in our hospital from March 2010 to December 2014 were collected to observe the patients′ clinical outcome,relevant hemodynamic and respiratory indexes before and after the treatment.Results:The 17 cases of patients died,relevant indexes of 26 cases of successful rescued patients improved significantly before and after the treatment and the acidosis was corrected;cardiac functional indexes of the patients improved significantly than earlier (P<0.05).Conclusion:IABP combing with MV is the effective measure for the treatment of patients with AMI and CS,the key to improve the clinical therapeutic effect is taking strict measures to ensure pipeline safety, strengthening the monitoring of vital signs,preventing and reducing the complications.
Key wordsAcute myocardial infarction;Cardiac shock;Mechanical ventilation;Intra-aortic balloon pump;Nursing
急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者伴發(fā)心源性休克(CS)的發(fā)生率約5%~10%,其病死率高達(dá)80%~100%[1],雖然冠狀動(dòng)脈介入(PCI)治療可重新開通梗死的動(dòng)脈,恢復(fù)冠脈血流以保護(hù)心臟功能,但對(duì)于存在血流動(dòng)力學(xué)障礙的患者,其手術(shù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)將大大增加。主動(dòng)脈球囊反搏術(shù)(IABP)是改善左心室功能的一種輔助治療方案,可在短時(shí)間內(nèi)糾正CS患者的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)異常,穩(wěn)定患者的病情,為該類患者接受PCI治療贏得時(shí)機(jī)和提供安全保障[2];但對(duì)于重度泵衰竭AMI患者可迅速出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的低氧血癥,造成重要臟器不可逆損傷[3],因此及時(shí)給予機(jī)械輔助通氣(MV)改善患者的缺氧狀態(tài)是搶救AMI患者的重要措施,然而IABP與MV均是有創(chuàng)性操作,在臨床護(hù)理中的難度較大,其并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率可高達(dá)20%左右[4],且并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生主要與器械本身和護(hù)理的技術(shù)有關(guān)[5]。……