袁曉紅
that與what的區別
1. that只起連接作用,不充當句子的任何成分,可以引導主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句。
①主語從句:常用it做形式主語,that引導真正的主語或者直接用that引導主語從句。
It made his parents disappointed that he was addicted to playing computer games.
他沉迷于電腦游戲使父母很失望。
That she was late for class again made the teacher very angry.
她上課又遲到使老師很生氣。
②賓語從句:當一個句子引導兩個或多個并列的賓語從句時,只有第一個that可省略;it作形式賓語,that引導真正的賓語時不能省略;that從句一般不充當介詞的賓語,偶爾可以作except的賓語。
She said (that) she was going to Shanghai and that she could returned after several months.
她說她準備去上海并且要過幾個月之后才回來。
I have made it clear that I disagreed to the decision.
我已清楚表明我不同意這個決定。
The article is well written except that there are some spelling mistakes.
除了一些拼寫錯誤之外,這篇文章寫得很好。
③表語從句
The good news is that they won the football game.
好消息是他們贏了這場足球賽。
2. what在名詞性從句中可充當主語、賓語和表語,意義上相當于the thing(s) that, 同樣可以引導主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句。
①主語從句:引導主語從句時,其謂語動詞的單復數由表語的單復數來決定。
What we badly need are those equipments.
我們急需的是那些設備。
What delighted us most was that he performed extremly well in the competition.
讓我們最高興的是他在競賽中表現得好極了。
②賓語從句:可以在句中作介詞賓語
I have no idea of what he has said at the meeting.
我不知道他在會議上說過什么。
A. modern city was set up on what used to be a wasteland.
一個現代化的城市建在曾經是一塊廢地的地方。
③表語從句
This is what I want to tell you about.
這就是我想要告訴你的。
Whether與if 的區別
1. 作“是否”講,在ask, know, tell, doubt, wonder, see, ask, find out等詞后引導賓語從句時,if和whether可以互換。
I dont know whether/if he will attend the wedding.
我不知道他是否會參加婚禮。
We doubt whether/if the news is true.
我們懷疑這消息是否是真的。
2. 在下列情況下常用whether而不用 if:
①引導主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
Whether he comes makes no difference. (主語從句)
他來不來都不重要。
The question is whether the experiment is worth doing. (表語從句)
問題是這個實驗是否值得做。
We have some doubt whether he can finish the task on time. (同位語從句)……p>