讓捐助的傳統(tǒng)深入人心

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任何一種宗教都有棄惡揚善、救苦救難的思想內容，伊斯蘭教也不例外。有著深厚慈善文化傳統(tǒng)的伊朗并沒有落后于國際社會。不管是富人還是普通人，伊朗人都積極為社會獻愛心。

Let the Tradition of 1）Endowment Take Root

2）Waqf， in the history of Islam， is an endowment that usually consists of donating a building or a plot of land for 3）charitable purposes.

The charitable tradition of waqf is a very beautiful and important gesture in Islam， as it is in all religions. Waqf can take many forms from dedicating or 4）allocating farms， buildings or companies to 5）mosques， religious schools or social institutions like hospitals.

Waqf is a 6）pious and 7）perpetual endowment that is free from tax. In Iran， the waqf’s assets are under the direct supervision of the Organization for Endowment and Charity， which is in charge of securing them and making sure that their maintenance and profits are well taken care of.

Ahmad Sharafkhani （Cultural Deputy， Endowment Charity Org.） ： （via translator） The Endowment and Charitable Organization of Iran has three important duties. One of the main is to manage endowments in the country. The organization is supposed to maintain， revive and take full advantage of all endowments. We must manage all these endowments so as to get the best financial results from them.

There are 9，100 endowments in Tehran alone， and according to the latest figures， there’s been a 73% increase in the number of endowments in Tehran during the past year. There are currently 14 endowed universities， 1，400 endowed schools， and somewhere between 400 and 500 endowed medical facilities in Iran.

Hassan Rabiei （Endowment Charity Org.）： （via translator） There are some endowments for the old and the poor and those who need financial help. These endowments are to provide these people with social service， so as to bridge the gap between them and other people with better financial conditions. There are some kinds of endowments that are related to medical issues， medicines， hospitals and something like that. There are around 500 hospitals and medical centres in Iran that have been built with the help of endowments. There’s another type of endowment related to science and education.

Throughout history， it is usually the wealthy that can afford to endow their assets， but what if people want to be a part of an endowment？ Endowment papers are available for purchase in banks and on the Internet. People that don’t have any properties to endow can purchase endowment papers for different causes. Up until now several endowed hospitals have been expanded and are being restored with the help of revenues gained through this new method.

Ahmad： （via translator） Iran’s Parliament enacted a bill according to which we can issue endowment papers. Anyone interested in endowment can buy these papers， each of which is worth $40.00. In Tehran we have started a project of building a well-equipped hospital for cancer treatment. Generally speaking， it’s almost impossible for a person or a small group of people to build such a big hospital. So we have decided to sell endowment papers for this hospital， and now many ordinary people are taking part in it. It’s some sort of collective endowment， if you like. We hope that the tradition of endowment will take root in our society more than before. We must teach our children the culture of endowment by telling them， for example， to give their books to the school library. The organization has a plan to let people from all walks of life participate in endowment.

在伊斯蘭教的歷史上，“瓦合甫”通常指以慈善為目的，捐獻建筑物或土地的捐贈行為。

瓦合甫的慈善捐贈傳統(tǒng)是伊斯蘭教中一項非常了不起的重要行為，這一點與其他宗教是一樣的。它有各種不同的形式，包括向清真寺、宗教學?；蜥t(yī)院等社會機構捐獻農場、建筑物、公司，或者把上述財產指定留給這些機構。

瓦合甫是一種虔誠的、具有持久性的捐贈行為，可享受免稅。在伊朗，捐贈的財物會納入捐贈與慈善組織的直接管理，該機構負責保護捐贈財物，并對其進行維護，確保各種收益得到妥善安排。

艾哈邁德·沙拉罕尼（捐贈與慈善組織文化副部長）：（通過翻譯）伊朗的捐贈與慈善組織有三個重要的職責。其中之一就是管理全國的捐贈物。該組織要對所有捐贈物進行維護、更新，并讓它們得到充分利用，讓它們發(fā)揮最大的經濟效益。

僅僅在德黑蘭就有各種捐贈9100樁。根據最新的統(tǒng)計數字，去年德黑蘭的捐贈數量上升了73%。在伊朗，目前共有受捐大學14所，學校1400所，另外還有四五百家醫(yī)療機構獲得捐助。

哈?！だ劝＃ň栀浥c慈善組織）：（通過翻譯）有些捐贈的對象是那些需要在經濟上獲得資助的老人和貧困人口。這些資助可以為這些人群提供社會服務，以縮小貧富差距?！?br>