顏小飛,黃糧,嚴蓮花,胡芬,王亞,馬聞晗,盧帥,,汪朝暉( 華中科技大學同濟醫學院附屬協和醫院,武漢4300;武漢市第四醫院)
擴張型心肌病患者外周血單個核細胞miR-155表達及意義
顏小飛1,黃糧2,嚴蓮花1,胡芬1,王亞1,馬聞晗1,盧帥1,2,汪朝暉1
( 1華中科技大學同濟醫學院附屬協和醫院,武漢430022;2武漢市第四醫院)
摘要:目的探討微小RNA-155( miR-155)在擴張型心肌病( DCM)患者外周血單個核細胞( PBMC)中的表達變化及其與心功能的關系。方法選擇DCM患者(觀察組)及同期健康志愿者(對照組)各30例,觀察組NYHA心功能Ⅱ級10例、Ⅲ級11例、Ⅳ級9例。采用Ficoll-Hypaque密度梯度離心法分離兩組空腹靜脈血中的PBMC,實時熒光定量PCR法檢測PBMC中miR-155的相對表達量。比較觀察組不同NYHA心功能分級者PBMC中miR-155的相對表達量,并分析其相關性。觀察組同時行彩色多普勒檢查,記錄其左心室射血分數( LVEF)、左心室舒張末期內徑( LVEDd),分析兩者與miR-155表達的相關性。結果觀察組miR-155相對表達量為0.50±0.24,對照組為1.00±0.23;兩組比較,P<0.01。觀察組NYHA心功能Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ級者miR-155相對表達量分別為0.77±0.10、0.47±0.10、0.23±0.08,多組間及組內兩兩比較,P均<0.01。觀察組LVEF為28%±10%,LVEDd為( 70±7) mm。觀察組miR-155相對表達量與NYHA心功能分級、LVEF、LVEDd均呈負相關( r分別為-0.94、-0.67、-0.53,P<0.05或<0.01)。結論DCM患者PBMC中miR-155表達降低,與患者心功能受損的嚴重程度有關。
關鍵詞:擴張型心肌病;微小RNA-155;外周血單個核細胞;心功能
Expression changes and significance of miR-155 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
YAN Xiao-fei1,HUANG Liang,YAN Lian-hua,HU Fen,WANG Ya,MA Wen-han,LU Shuai,WHANG Zhao-hui
( 1 Union Hospital,Tongji Medicial College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,China)
Abstract:Objective To observe the expression changes of microRNA-155 ( miR-155) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC) of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy ( DCM) and to explore the relationship between miR-155 level and heart function.Methods Thirty patients with DCM ( observation group) and 30 healthy volunteers ( control group) were selected.In the observation group,10 cases were gradeⅡof NYHA functional classification,11 cases were gradeⅢand 9 cases were gradeⅣ.PBMC in the two groups were separated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation,and the relative expression of miR-155 was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The miR-155 levels were compared between the observation group and the control group and among DCM patients with different NYHA functional classification.In the observation group,the left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter ( LVEDd) were recorded by color Doppler ultrasound.The relationships between miR-155 levels and LVEF,LVEDd were analyzed in DCM patients.Results The relative expression levels of miR-155 in the observation group and control group were ( 0.50±0.24) and ( 1.00±0.23),which showed a significant difference ( P<0.01).The relative expression levels of miR-155 in NYHA functional classificationⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣDCM patients were ( 0.77±0.10),( 0.47± 0.10) and ( 0.23±0.08),respectively.There were significant differences between each two groups ( all P<0.01).In the observation group,the LVEF was 28%±10%,and the LVEDd was ( 70±7) mm.The miR-155 level was negatively
correlated with NYHA functional classification,LVEF and LVEDd in DCM patients ( r =-0.94,-0.67 and-0.53,P <0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions The expression level of miR-155 is down-regulated in PBMC of DCM patients and is correlated with the severity of impaired cardiac function.
Key words:dilated cardiomyopathy; microRNA-155; peripheral blood mononuclear cells; cardiac function
擴張型心肌病( DCM)是以左心室或雙心室擴大和收縮功能受損為特征、細胞免疫和體液免疫共同參與的自身免疫性疾病[1],其發病機制尚未完全闡明。微小RNA( microRNAs)是一類長19~25個核苷酸、不具備蛋白質編碼功能的單鏈小分子RNA,它們通過與靶mRNA完全或不完全互補配對,降解靶mRNA或者抑制靶mRNA翻譯成蛋白質,從而調節基因表達[2]。microRNA-155 ( miR-155)在造血細胞的分化、炎癥反應、免疫應答、腫瘤的發生等多種生物學過程中均發揮重要作用[3],但其與DCM發生、發展相關性的報道較少。本研究觀察了miR-155在DCM患者外周血單個核細胞( PBMC)中的表達情況,并探討其與心功能的關系。
1.1臨床資料選擇2013年12月~2014年12月在華中科技大學同濟醫學院附屬協和醫院心血管內科住院的DCM患者30例(觀察組),其中男21例、女9例,年齡26~55( 41±12)歲; NYHA心功能Ⅱ級10例、Ⅲ級11例、Ⅳ級9例。均符合1995年WHO/ISFC制定的DCM診斷標準[4],排除高血壓、冠心病、心臟瓣膜病、肺心病、代謝性疾病患者。選取同期健康志愿者30例(對照組),其中男20例、女10例,年齡23~58( 39±11)歲。兩組性別、年齡均具有可比性。本研究獲得華中科技大學同濟醫學院倫理委員會批準,研究對象均簽署知情同意書。
1.2 PBMC分離及miR-155表達檢測采集兩組空腹靜脈血5 mL于EDTA-K2抗凝管中,1 h內采用Ficoll-Hypaque密度梯度離心法分離PBMC。TRIzol試劑從PBMC中提取總RNA,具體操作參見試劑盒說明書。紫外分光光度計測定RNA樣品在波長260 nm和280 nm處的吸光度( A)值,A260/A280在1.8~2.0表示RNA純度較好。逆轉錄合成cDNA,采用實時熒光定量PCR法檢測miR-155相對表達量。miR-155、U6的逆轉錄和PCR引物均由廣州銳博公司設計、合成。miR-155上游引物: 5'- GGAGGTTAATGCTAATCGTGATAG-3',下游引物: 5'-GTGCAGGGTCCGAGGT-3',擴增長度60 bp;以U6為內參,上游引物: 5'-GCTTCGGCAGCACATATACTAAAAT-3',下游引物: 5'-CGCTTCACGAATTTGCGTGTCAT-3',擴增長度94 bp。PCR反應體系50 μL: 2 ×PCR Master Mix 25 μL,5 μmol/L的上、下游引物各0.5 μL,cDNA 5 μL,去離子水加至50 μL。PCR反應條件: 95℃10 s,95℃15 s,60℃60 s,循環40次。通過Ct值和標準曲線對起始模板進行定量分析,miR-155相對表達量用2-ΔΔCt表示。實驗用淋巴細胞分離液購于美國GE公司,TRIzol試劑購于美國Invitrogen公司,紫外分光光度計購于日本Shi madzu公司,Reverse Transcription System購于美國Promega公司,SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Kit、實時定量PCR儀購于美國Applied Biosystems公司。
1.3心功能檢查觀察組行彩色多普勒檢查(彩色多普勒超聲診斷儀,荷蘭Philips公司),記錄左心室射血分數( LVEF)和左心室舒張末期內徑( LVEDd)。
1.4統計學方法采用SPSS13.0統計軟件。計量資料以珋x±s表示,多組間比較采用秩和檢驗,兩組間比較采用單因素方差分析。觀察組PBMC中miR-155相對表達量與NYHA心功能分級及LVEF LVEDd的關系采用Spearman或Pearson相關分析P<0.05為差異有統計學意義。
2.1兩組miR-155相對表達量比較觀察組miR 155相對表達量為0.50±0.24,對照組為1.00± 0.23;兩組比較,P<0.01。
2.2觀察組不同NYHA心功能分級者miR-155相對表達量比較觀察組NYHA心功能Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ級者miR-155的相對表達量分別為0.77±0.10、0.47 ±0.10、0.23±0.08,多組間及組內兩兩比較,P均<0.01。
2.3觀察組miR-155相對表達量與心功能分級LVEF及LVEDd的關系觀察組LVEF為28%± 10%,LVEDd為( 70±7) mm。Spearman相關分析顯示,觀察組miR-155相對表達量與NYHA心功能分級呈負相關( r =-0.94,P<0.01) ; Pearson相關分析顯示,觀察組miR-155相對表達量與LVEF LVEDd均呈負相關( r分別為-0.67、-0.53,P均<0.05)。
DCM是年輕人終末期心力衰竭和心臟移植的主要原因[5],其發病機制至今尚未完全明確。研究
顯示,部分病毒性心肌炎( VMC)可以演變為DCM[6,7],故有學者認為VMC和DCM可能是同一疾病的兩個不同階段[8]。研究發現,DCM患者血清中存在多種抗心肌自身抗體[9],以及輔助性T細胞( Th)和調節性T細胞失衡[1,10],表明細胞免疫和體液免疫可能均參與了DCM的發病過程。
miR-155是一個典型的多功能microRNA,對巨噬細胞、樹突狀細胞、T淋巴細胞、B淋巴細胞等多種炎癥免疫細胞均具有調節作用,可影響天然免疫和獲得性免疫過程,與多種免疫炎癥性疾病的發生發展有關[11,12]。Satoh等[13]研究顯示,DCM患者心肌組織miR-155表達明顯低于左心室功能正常人群,提示miR-155可能負向調控DCM的發生、發展。本研究結果顯示,觀察組PBMC中miR-155表達降低,說明miR-155可能是DCM發生的一種保護性因子;而觀察組NYHA心功能Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ級者miR-155表達依次降低,且miR-155表達與NYHA心功能分級、LVEF、LVEDd均呈顯著負相關,以上均說明miR-155表達與DCM患者心功能受損的嚴重程度有關,可作為判斷病情的指標之一。
O'Connell等[14]、Murugaiyan等[15]研究證實,自身免疫性腦脊髓炎( EAE)小鼠PBMC中miR-155表達上調、Th1/Th17比例升高,而miR-155敲除的EAE小鼠Th1/Th17比例明顯降低。Yao等[16]研究發現,miR-155在急性冠脈綜合征患者PBMC中表達明顯降低,而Th17細胞比例卻是升高的。以上說明在不同的病理狀態下,miR-155對Th17有不同的調節作用。本研究樣本量偏少,沒有檢測T、B淋巴細胞等免疫相關指標,因此對miR-155在DCM發病中的機制尚未明了,需要進一步的研究證實。
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·基礎研究·
收稿日期:( 2015-06-11)
通信作者簡介:汪朝暉( 1969-),女,主任醫師,研究方向為心血管病;曾獲教育部科技進步二等獎1項和湖北省科技進步一等獎和二等獎各1項。E-mail: sgwangtjm@163.com
作者簡介:第一顏小飛( 1979-),男,主治醫師,研究方向為心血管病。E-mail: yxfb329@163.com
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目( 81170205)。
文章編號:1002-266X( 2015) 32-0020-03
文獻標志碼:A
中圖分類號:R542.21
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2015.32.007