CRD法和臺階法施工對地鐵隧道圍巖變形的影響

谷拴成+黃榮賓

建筑科學與工程學報2014年文章編號：16732049(2014)01011109

收稿日期：20140122

基金項目：陜西省教育廳科研計劃項目（2013JK0961）

作者簡介：谷拴成（1963），男，陜西扶風人，教授，博士研究生導師，工學博士

摘要：以西安地鐵三號線太白南路—吉祥村暗挖區間隧道工程為依托，采用臺階法和交叉中隔墻法（CRD法）對隧道施工時的圍巖變形進行實時監測，并對數據進行回歸處理，應用FLAC3D軟件對2種施工方法進行模擬分析，系統研究了2種開挖方法的隧道圍巖變形規律。研究結果表明：采用CRD法能夠有效控制拱頂沉降及水平收斂量，減小施工對圍巖的擾動程度，對于保持軟弱圍巖的自持能力及穩定性有明顯作用；在進行西安地鐵隧道施工時，應采用臺階法實現隧道的快速開挖，而對于地層條件復雜或施工要求較高的區段建議選擇CRD法進行施工，以便更好地控制圍巖變形，保持圍巖穩定性。

關鍵詞：隧道工程；地鐵隧道；臺階法；CRD法；變形監測；變形規律

中圖分類號：TU443文獻標志碼：A

Influence of Subway Construction by CRD Method and

Bench Method on Surrounding Rock DeformationGU Shuancheng, HUANG Rongbin

（School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xian University of Science and Technology,

Xian 710054, Shaanxi, China）Abstract: Authors studied the tunnel deformation of South Taibai Road—Auspicious Village Tunnel for Xian Metro Line Three during constructed by using bench method and cross diaphragm method (CRD method) through the realtime monitoring and the regression on the data and the simulation analysis of both methods by FLAC3D software. Meanwhile, the change law of surrounding rock deformation of the two excavation method was systematicall studied. Research results show that in Xian Metro tunnel construction, the CRD method can effectively control the vault crown settlement and horizontal convergence, effectively reduce the disturbance degree of construction to the surrounding rock, and has the obvious effect to maintain the selfsustaining capability and the stability of soft surrounding rock. In Xian Metro tunnel construction, fast excavation in tunnel by bench method is achieved, and it is recommended to choose the CRD method for the construction in complex geological conditions and construction higher requirements, so as to control the deformation of surrounding rock better and maintain the stability of surrounding rock.

Key words: tunnel engineering; subway tunnel; bench method; CRD method; deformation monitoring; deformation law

0引言

在中國的地鐵隧道施工中，淺埋暗挖法是常見的施工方法之一，其原理是利用土層在開挖過程中短時間的自穩能力，采取適當的支護措施，使圍巖或土層表面形成密貼型薄壁支護結構的不開槽施工方法［13］。目前,利用礦山法進行城市地鐵修建的開挖方法包括中壁法、雙側導坑開挖法、臺階法等。不同施工方法的適應條件是不同的，在具體選擇地鐵施工方法時，應根據地質條件、隧道斷面及埋深、周圍環境條件及工程要求等綜合考慮［47］。……