復(fù)雜體型高層建筑表面風(fēng)壓分布及風(fēng)荷載特性試驗(yàn)

吳雪+李秋勝+李毅

建筑科學(xué)與工程學(xué)報(bào)2014年文章編號(hào)：16732049(2014)01007607

收稿日期：20131012

基金項(xiàng)目：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（51178179）

作者簡(jiǎn)介：吳雪（1989），女，重慶市萬(wàn)州人，工學(xué)碩士研究生

摘要：以成都某復(fù)雜體型超高層建筑為研究對(duì)象，在大氣邊界層風(fēng)洞中對(duì)其進(jìn)行了單體建筑剛性模型測(cè)壓試驗(yàn)，對(duì)模型表面風(fēng)壓的分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行了討論；利用隨機(jī)振動(dòng)理論在頻域內(nèi)計(jì)算了基礎(chǔ)等效靜力風(fēng)荷載和結(jié)構(gòu)頂部加速度響應(yīng)，并將風(fēng)荷載試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與中、日兩國(guó)最新規(guī)范的計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果表明：復(fù)雜體型高層建筑表面風(fēng)壓的分布規(guī)律與常規(guī)截面高層建筑基本保持一致，但是受到建筑體型的影響，個(gè)別立面的風(fēng)壓分布會(huì)出現(xiàn)與中國(guó)規(guī)范規(guī)定值完全相反的結(jié)論；同時(shí)，在局部區(qū)域會(huì)出現(xiàn)比規(guī)范值偏大的結(jié)果，由風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)結(jié)果計(jì)算得到的順風(fēng)向基底剪力和彎矩均大于中、日兩國(guó)規(guī)范的計(jì)算結(jié)果，且日本規(guī)范的計(jì)算結(jié)果要大于中國(guó)規(guī)范的計(jì)算結(jié)果。所得結(jié)論可為類似工程提供參考。

關(guān)鍵詞：高層建筑；風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)；風(fēng)壓分布；風(fēng)壓系數(shù)；等效靜力風(fēng)荷載

中圖分類號(hào)：TU973.32文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A

Test on Surface Wind Pressure Distributions and Wind Load

Characteristics for Complex Shape Highrise BuildingWU Xue1, LI Qiusheng1,2, LI Yi1

（1. School of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China; 2. Department of

Civil and Architectural Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China）Abstract: Based on the wind tunnel test of the rigid model of a complex shape highrise building in Chengdu in the atmospheric boundary layer, the surface wind pressure distribution laws of model were discussed. The equivalent static wind loads and windinduced acceleration responses of top structure were calculated based on the wind tunnel results and compared with those estimated from Chinese and Japanese building design codes by using random vibration theory calculations of the model in the frequency domain. The results show that surface wind pressure distribution characteristics of complex shape highrise building are coincided with those of conventional crosssection highrise building. But the individual facade and normative pressure distribution results will appear the opposite conclusions owing to building size impacting. Meanwhile, in the local area, test results will be larger than the standard value results. The downwind base shear and bending moment calculated by the wind tunnel test results are greater than that by Chinese and Japanese codes, and calculation results of Japanese code are bigger than those of Chinese code. The conclusions obtained in the paper can provide reference for structural design of similar projects.

Key words: highrise building; wind tunnel test; wind pressure distribution; wind pressure coefficient; equivalent static wind load

0引言

隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)和施工工藝的不斷發(fā)展，建筑材料變得越來(lái)越質(zhì)輕、高強(qiáng)及抗震，這使得建筑物的高度越來(lái)越高。建筑物高度的增加、結(jié)構(gòu)體系的改進(jìn)、大量輕質(zhì)材料的使用，使得高層建筑的阻尼變小，結(jié)構(gòu)柔度變大，對(duì)風(fēng)荷載更加敏感，這對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)工程提出越來(lái)越高的要求［12］。在高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中，水平荷載逐漸取代豎向荷載成為控制荷載，抗風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)成為高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)最重要的環(huán)節(jié)［34］。……