金融英語——常用詞匯(九十四)

cross tra de 交叉盤

A practice outlawed on most major stock exchanges in which buy and sell orders for the same stock are offset without recording the trade on the exchange.

交叉盤指同一間經(jīng)紀(jì)商同時(shí)代買方及賣方完成股票交易，而這項(xiàng)交易并未通過自動對盤系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行。若成交紀(jì)錄欄上發(fā)現(xiàn)“X”符號，即表示該宗交易是以交叉盤完成。由于買方買入股票的數(shù)目，與賣方沽出股票的數(shù)目相同，故兩方經(jīng)紀(jì)商可以交叉盤實(shí)時(shí)交易，而無須透過自動對盤系統(tǒng)買賣。

cross trading 買空賣空

A practice outlawed on most major stock exchanges in which buy and sell orders for the same stock are offset without recording the trade on the exchange.

是指買賣雙方或多方所進(jìn)行的虛假交易，從而給人們一種錯(cuò)覺，即認(rèn)為某種商品或證券在市場上的交易活動相當(dāng)活躍。

cross-collateralization n. 交叉擔(dān)保

When collateral for one loan is also serving as collateral for other loans.

作為一項(xiàng)貸款抵押品的同時(shí)也為其它貸款作抵押品。

crossed check 劃線支票

A form of check which has two parallel or transverse lines across the face so that the bank on which it is drawn may not pay to any other party than to a bank.

此種支票上有兩條平行線或兩條橫過支票表面的線，劃線支票只能向銀行付款（即不得取現(xiàn)）。

crossover fund 交叉基金

A mutual fund that invests in both public and private equity.

同時(shí)投資上市及非上市股票的投資基金。

crossover rate 交叉率

The return at which two alternative projects have the same net present value.

是指兩個(gè)投資項(xiàng)目的凈現(xiàn)值曲線相交時(shí)的貼現(xiàn)率。

cross-sectional analysis 橫向分析

A statistical methodology applied to a set of firms at a particular time.

是指對某一時(shí)期同行業(yè)的、特征相似的幾個(gè)不同企業(yè)的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析，由此可看出某企業(yè)的經(jīng)營狀況。

cross-selling n. 交叉銷售

The strategy of pushing new products to current customers based on their past purchases.

根據(jù)以往購買基礎(chǔ)，將新產(chǎn)品推銷給現(xiàn)有顧客的策略。

crowding out 排擠

A situation in which the government is borrowing heavily while businesses and individuals also want to borrow.

當(dāng)企業(yè)或個(gè)人也想借款時(shí)政府大量借款的情況。

crowding out effect 擠出效應(yīng)

An economic theory explaining an increase in interest rates due to rising government borrowing in the money market.

是指當(dāng)政府支出大量增加時(shí)，須大幅度舉債，由此致使利率上升，而企業(yè)和個(gè)人無力承擔(dān)高利率，則政府排擠了企業(yè)和個(gè)人的借款能力，也同時(shí)降低了經(jīng)濟(jì)活力。

crown corporation 國家企業(yè)

Any corporation that is established and regulated by a country's government.

由國家政府成立及監(jiān)管的企業(yè)。

crown jewels 頂尖業(yè)務(wù)

The most valuable unit of a corporation because of profitability， asset value， future prospects， etc.

一家企業(yè)最有價(jià)值的業(yè)務(wù)單位，因?yàn)橛芰Α①Y產(chǎn)價(jià)值、未來前景等各方面都最優(yōu)秀。

CRS 國會研究服務(wù)

Congressional Research Service＝CRT

剩余資金慈善信托

Charitable remainder trust. An arrangement in which property or money is donated to a charity， but the donor (called the grantor) continues to use the property and/or receive income from it while living. The beneficiaries receive the income and the charity receives the principal after a specified period of time. The grantor avoids any capital gains tax on the donated assets， and also gets an income tax deduction for the fair market value of the remainder interest that the trust earned. In addition， the asset is removed from the estate， reducing subsequent estate taxes. While the contribution is irrevocable， the grantor may have some control over the way the assets are invested， and may even switch from one charity to another (as long as it's still a qualified charitable organization). CRTs come in three types: charitable remainder annuity trust (which pays a fixed dollar amount annually)， a charitable remainder unitrust (which pays a fixed percentage of the trust's value annually)， and a charitable pooled income fund (which is set up by the charity， enabling many donors to contribute).

是指慈善人士將一筆財(cái)產(chǎn)交于信托公司管理，當(dāng)此人士在世時(shí)，定期將此財(cái)產(chǎn)一部分贈與慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，一旦捐贈人死亡，則余額已免稅方式轉(zhuǎn)贈給特定的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，這對有心從事慈善事業(yè)人士而言，是一種普遍受到歡迎的方式，在美國使用較多。