摘 要:隨著煤礦開采深度的不斷增加,井下煤礦巷道所受的地應力越來越大,尤其在地質構造活動強烈的地區,井下巷道支護及保持其穩定性更加困難。根據深部軟巖條件下煤礦巷道錨桿支護效果不理想的情況,研究高地應力軟巖環境下巷道科學的支護方式是保證煤礦采掘深部煤層的關鍵。礦井支護實踐證明高強高預應力變形讓壓錨桿均壓錨桿能夠有效的解決深井高地壓巷道支護存在的問題。
關鍵詞:深井軟巖 高地應力 高強讓壓均壓錨桿 聯合支護
中圖分類號:TD262.1文獻標識碼:B文章編號:1674-098X(2011)04(c)-0086-02
The Application of High-Strength Yielding Bolt in Air-return Cross-Cuts of a Coal Mine
Yang Chengjie1,Yang Daguang2,Wu Hongbo1
(Fuxin Mining Group Co., Ltd.,Liaoning Fuxin 123000.
Shenyang Design Research Institue of Sino-coal Internation Engineering Group, Liaoning Fuxin 110015,China
Abstract:The underground tunnel stress increased with the increasing of coal mining depth. And the support and stability of underground tunnel is more difficult in the areas of intense tectonic activity. The scientific support technology in soft rock enviorment with high geostress is the key factor to ensure the deep coal mining under the condition that the tunnel bolt support effect is not ideal in deep soft rock. In practice, mine support proved that the high-strength and high-pretension anchor bolts solved the supporting problems effectively in deep mines with high ground pressure.
Key words:Deep soft rock;high geostress;high-strength yieldable bolts;combined supporting
概況
阜新礦業集團五龍煤礦劉家區-536(地面標高為+179m)回風石門在掘進過程中面臨著非常嚴重的支護問題。巷道開掘后,圍巖變形非常劇烈,頂板和兩幫破壞嚴重,底鼓量大,雖經過多次翻修,仍不能控制巷道變形,大多數巷道前面掘進后面翻修,嚴重的影響了巷道的掘進速度和安全生產。為了解決巷道變形的實際問題,頂板采用了全錨索支護,此方案雖改善了巷道的支護狀況,但掘進速度慢,成本高。為從跟本上解決巷道支護實際問題,必需對巷道支護方式進行研究,探索出一套合理的支護方案。
劉家區-536回風石門采用半圓拱型巷道,巷道寬度為5300mm,高度為4250mm。原巷道支護頂板采用錨桿及加強錨索支護,錨桿間排距為800mm×800mm,加強錨索間排距為1200mm×3200mm;兩幫采用全錨桿支護,間排距為800mm×800mm。
1 地質條件
劉家區-536回風石門巷道圍巖為煤巖互層,巖石普氏系數4—6。巷道……