摘要:應用發芽咖啡豆α-半乳糖苷酶法合成α-半乳糖基-β-環糊精,研究其合成工藝。通過Box-Behnken設計等方法,得出工藝條件為α-半乳糖苷酶用量73 nkat,時間28 h,pH 6.3,溫度40 ℃,振蕩速度75 r/min,反應體系包括2 mL醋酸緩沖液(50 mmol/L),β-環糊精0.4 mol/L,蜜二糖0.8 mol/L。在此條件下,α-半乳糖基-β-環糊精絕對產率為28.4%,比優化前提高了41.3%。
關鍵詞:α-半乳糖苷酶;酶法合成;α-半乳糖基-β-環糊精;
中圖分類號:TS273 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2011)19-4041-03
Enzymatic Synthesis of α-Galactosyl-β-cyclodextrin by α-galactosidase
SHEN Wang-yang1,JIN Zheng-yu2,GAO Hong3
(1. School of Food Science and Technology,Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; 2. School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China;3 Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear-agricultural Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China)
Abstract: Parameters affecting the synthesis of α-galactosyl-β-cyclodextrin by α-galactosidase of germinating coffee beans were systematically studied by Box-Behnken design. The optimized conditions were as follows, enzyme concentration, 73 nkat; Reaction time, 28 h; pH, 6.3; Reaction temperature, 40 ℃; Oscillatory speed, 75 r/min; β-cyclodextrin, 0.4 mol/L; melibiose, 0.8mol/L; and acetate buffer (50 mmol/L), 2 mL, The yield of α-galactosyl-β-cyclodextrin was 28.4% under these conditions, which was 41.3% higher than conditions before optimization.
Key words: α-galactosidase; enzymatic synthesis; α-galactosyl-β-cyclodextrin
環糊精(Cyclodextrin,常見為β-環糊精)具有內疏水、外親水的特殊性質,在制藥、化工、食品等領域被廣泛地研究及應用。但其溶解性能不佳,制約了進一步的應用研究。改性制備分支環糊精,可以擴大分子親水區域,提高溶解性[1-4]。α-半乳糖基-β-環糊精(α-galactosyl-β-cyclodextrin)是一種分支環糊精,是β-環糊精的衍生物,其具有較高的水溶性,分支上的半乳糖基在動物組織中具有特殊的識別受體,具有廣闊的應用前景[5-7]。前期研究工作采用江南大學食品科學與技術國家重點實驗室自制的發芽咖啡豆α-半乳糖苷酶(α-galactosidase,EC 3.2.1.22)酶法合成得到α-半乳糖基-β-環糊精,并成功地鑒定了其結構。本實驗以β-環糊精和蜜二糖為原料,優化發芽咖啡豆α-半乳糖苷酶法合成α-半乳糖基-β-環糊精的工藝,有利于提高酶法合成的產量和效率,進而指導生產。
1材料與方法
1.1材料
1.1.1試劑發芽咖啡豆α-半乳糖苷酶為江南大學食品科學與技術國家重點實驗室自制[8];對硝基苯酚-α-半乳糖苷(p-Nitrophenyl-α-D-galacto pyranoside,PNPG)和蜜二糖購于Sigma-Aldrich(上海)貿易有限公司;其余試劑均為國產分析純。
1.1.2儀器與設備Waters 600高效液相色譜儀,美國Waters公司;Direct-Q3超純水系統,美國Millipore公司;……