摘要:研究了60Co γ射線輻照香菇復(fù)合調(diào)味品的殺菌效果以及其對(duì)感官品質(zhì)和主要理化品質(zhì)指標(biāo)的影響。結(jié)果表明,輻照可有效地殺滅香菇復(fù)合調(diào)味品中的雜菌和霉菌。隨著輻照劑量的增加,調(diào)味品中的含菌量呈下降趨勢(shì),輻照對(duì)霉菌的殺滅效率高于雜菌,2.8 kGy輻照劑量處理后霉菌的存活率僅為0.67%,雜菌的存活率為10.95%,雜菌的D10值為2.63 kGy。與對(duì)照相比,經(jīng)2.8 kGy輻照處理的香菇復(fù)合調(diào)味品,其主要理化品質(zhì)指標(biāo)(氨基酸態(tài)氮、呈味核苷酸二鈉、總氮、粗多糖)無(wú)顯著變化,感官品質(zhì)亦無(wú)明顯變化。
關(guān)鍵詞:香菇復(fù)合調(diào)味品;輻照殺菌;品質(zhì)指標(biāo)
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TS264 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2011)19-4046-03
Sterilization Effect and Quality Impact of Irradiation on Compound Condiment of Lentinus edodes
SHI De-fang,ZHOU Ming,YANG De,XUE Shu-jing,LI Lu,GUO Peng,GAO Hong
(Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear-agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Agricultural Products Processing Subcenter of Hubei Agricultural Science&Technology Innovation Center/ National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Wuhan 430064, China)
Abstract: Sterilization of compound condiment of Lentinus edodes(CCLE) by 60Co γ-ray and the impact of irradiation on its quality indices as well as sensory quality were studied. The results showed that irradiation could effectively kill the bacteria and moulds in CCLE; The bacteria and moulds decreased with the increasing of the irradiation dose; The moulds decreased faster as its survival rate was merely 0.67% in CCLE 4 days after irradiated by 2.8 kGy 60Co γ-ray while that of the bacteria was 10.95%. The D10 value for bacteria was 2.63 kGy. Irradiation at a dose of 2.8 kGy had no significant effects on sensory quality or quality indices (amino acid nitrogen, I+G, total nitrogen, crude polysaccharide) of CCLE.
Key words: compound condiment of Lentinus edodes; irradiation sterilization; quality indices
香菇(Lentinus edodes)營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富,香氣沁脾,味道鮮美,含多種生理活性物質(zhì)和微量元素,有很高的食、藥用價(jià)值[1]。香菇柄占香菇總重的30%~40%[2],富含多糖、蛋白質(zhì)、礦物元素等成分,不僅具有很高的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值和保健功能[3],而且含有豐富的呈味物質(zhì),主要有呈鮮甜味的氨基酸、5′-核苷酸及碳水化合物等非揮發(fā)性成分和呈芳香味的揮發(fā)性成分八碳化合物、含硫化合物以及醛、酸、酮、酯類(lèi)等。但由于菇柄適口性差,在商品化處理中絕大部分都被丟棄,造成了極大的資源浪費(fèi)。隨著人們對(duì)菌類(lèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值和獨(dú)特風(fēng)味成分的認(rèn)識(shí)逐步深化,利用香菇柄開(kāi)發(fā)新型調(diào)味料已經(jīng)成為調(diào)味品開(kāi)發(fā)研究的熱點(diǎn)之一[4,5]。運(yùn)用超微粉碎加工技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)菌類(lèi)調(diào)味品是食用菌深加工研究的重要方向[6,7],運(yùn)用該技術(shù)加工而成的香菇柄超微粉,最大程度地保留了香菇柄的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分,充分地釋放出其中的呈味物質(zhì),且超微粉易被人體消化吸收。……