摘要:人口、資源環境與經濟的協調發展是實現可持續發展、構建和諧社會的必然途徑。采用1998~2009年河北省人口、資源環境與經濟的數據,構建了河北省人口、資源環境與經濟協調發展指標體系,利用主成分分析法及模糊隸屬度綜合評價河北省人口、資源環境和經濟的協調發展水平,發現資源環境問題是導致河北省人口、資源環境與經濟協調發展的主要問題,并在此基礎上側重從資源環境保護方面提出了建議。
關鍵詞:人口;資源環境;經濟;協調發展;河北省
中圖分類號:F303.4;F323文獻標識碼:A文章編號:0439-8114(2011)21-4524-04
Evaluation of Coordinated Development among Population, Resources and Environment and Economy in Hebei Province
YANG Jing,SUN Wen-sheng
(College of Economics and Trade,Agriculture University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)
Abstract: Coordinated development of population, resources and environment and economy was the inevitable way to achieve sustainable development and build a harmonious society. Index system of coordinated development among population, resources and environment and economy in Hebei province was built based on 1998~2009 data of population, resources and environment and economy in Hebei. The level of coordinated development of population, resources and environment and economy was analyzed by using principal component analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Results indicated that the problems in resources and environment were the main problems affecting the coordinated development of population, resources and environment and economy in Hebei province. Based on the results, recommendations for resources and environmental protection were made.
Key words: population; resources and environment; economy; coordinated development; Hebei province
近年來,河北省經濟快速發展,人口不斷增加,對資源環境的擾動強烈,可以說資源銳減和環境惡化是總的大趨勢。人口、資源環境與經濟能否協調發展,嚴重的影響到河北省經濟社會的健康發展。作為全國第六人口大省,河北省人口眾多且勞動力文化素質較差,龐大的人口數量使得河北省的人均資源占有量明顯不足。2009年底河北省總人口為7 034萬人,占全國總人口的5.27%;水資源總量為141.2億m3,占全國的0.51%,人均水資源占有量為201.3 m3,不足全國人均值的1/10。另一方面河北省的經濟結構不盡合理,經濟科技含量低,經濟增長方式較為粗放,以過度消耗資源為代價,2009年河北省地區生產總值能耗為1.64t標準煤/萬元,為第八大耗能省份,這不僅影響了河北省經濟的可持續發展,而且導致河北省人口、資源環境與經濟的矛盾日益嚴峻,嚴重地制約了整個河北省和諧社會的構建。……