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關鍵詞:纈草(Valeriana officinalis L.);超臨界CO2萃取;氣相色譜-質譜;香味成分;卷煙加香
中圖分類號:O658.2;TS425+.1文獻標識碼:A文章編號:0439-8114(2011)21-4492-04
Research on Supercritical Fluid CO2 Extraction of Valeriana officinalis L. and Its Application in Tobacco
HUANG Long1,2,RONG Lin1,2,ZHU Wei1,2,SHAO Xing-wei2,WU Zhao2,CHEN Yi1
(1. Technology Center of China Tobacco Hubei Industry Corporation,Wuhan 430040,China;
2. Wuhan Huanghelou Flavors & Fragrances Co., Ltd.,Wuhan 430040,China)
Abstract:Valeriana officinalis L. was extracted with super critical CO2 to develop a new natural cigarette flavor. The extract was analyzed by GC-MS and applied in cigarette as a flavor. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: extraction temperature was 40 ℃, extraction pressure was 40 MPa, flow rate of CO2 was 30 L/h,extraction time was 2 h, separation temperature was 40 ℃, separation pressure was 8 MPa. 50 components in the extract were identified by GC/MS, and the contents of bornyl acetate, camphene, α-pinene, β-pinene, myrtenyl acetate were relatively high. The results showed that addition of the extract obviously improved tobacco aroma, smoke smoothness and after-taste of cigarette, and effectively decreased the offensive odor of cigarette smoke.
Key words:Valeriana officinalis L.;supercritical fluid CO2 extraction;gas chromatography-mass spectrometry;flavor components;cigarette flavoring
纈草(Valeriana officinalis L.)屬敗醬科纈草屬多年生草本植物,別名七日香、滿山香。主要分布在溫帶地區,在我國西南、西北和東北地區也有分布[1]。纈草的主要化學成分有揮發油類、環烯醚萜類、生物堿類、黃酮類等[2]。藥理研究表明,纈草具有鎮靜催眠、調節循環系統、解痙和抗心律失常等作用[3-5],具有很高的藥用價值和經濟價值[6]。
傳統的纈草揮發油提取方法為水蒸氣蒸餾法[7],從干的纈草根莖制得的纈草油,因其具有濃重的甜藥草香和松柏樣膏香,能使煙香諧調,矯香增味[7-9],已經在煙草工業中得到了廣泛的應用,尤其是用于高檔卷煙產品中。但水蒸氣蒸餾法的溫度較高,耗時較長,易使熱不穩定和易氧化的成分結構發生改變。超臨界CO2萃取法具有萃取溫度低、產率高、環境友好、對熱不穩定和易氧化的成分結構不發生改變等優點,因此對其研究和應用越來越廣泛[10]。……