摘要:以合浦珠母貝(Pinctada fucata)4種殼色選育群體為親貝,采用人工授精技術(shù)對同一殼色親本進行雌雄單個配對,獲得了15個全同胞家系。測量5、15、25和40日齡時的殼長和殼高,利用方差分析比較不同殼色品系的生長差異;利用非求導(dǎo)約束最大似然法(DF-REML)對合浦珠母貝各日齡的殼長和殼高性狀進行遺傳參數(shù)的估計。結(jié)果表明,4種殼色系的殼長和殼高均存在顯著差異(P<0.05);5~40日齡幼體殼長遺傳力估計值為0.12~0.22,殼高遺傳力估計值為0.17~0.23;合浦珠母貝幼體不同生長時期殼長和殼高的遺傳相關(guān)和表型相關(guān)均為正相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.825~0.989和0.832~0.965,表明以殼高或殼長為參數(shù)進行選育時,均可達到改良生長性狀的效果。
關(guān)鍵詞:合浦珠母貝(Pinctada fucata);幼體;遺傳力;生長性狀;遺傳相關(guān)
中圖分類號: S917文獻標識碼:A文章編號:0439-8114(2011)21-4441-04
Estimates of Heritability and Genetic Correlations for the Growth of Larvae of
Pinctada fucata
GUO Hua-yang1a,2,ZHANG Dian-chang1a,LI Heng-de1b,CHEN Ming-qiang1a,WU Kai-chang1a,
LI You-ning1a,JIANG Shi-gui1a
(1.Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,a. South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Guangzhou 510300, China; b. Research Center of Application Genome, Beijing 100039,China; 2. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
Abstract: Using artificial fertilization of male and female with same shell color, fifteen full sib-families were obtained from four different shell colors parent Pinctada fucata. The shell length and shell height of 5, 15, 25 and 40 days P. fucata were measured. The growth differences among the four shell color lines were evaluated using the analysis of variance. Genetic parameters of shell length and shell height of P. fucata were estimated using DF-REML. Significant differences of shell length and shell height were found in growth among the four shell color lines for each sampling(P<0.05). The estimated narrow-sense heritability was 0.12~0.22 and 0.17~0.23 for shell length and shell height, respcetively. Significant genetic and phenotypic positive correlations were found among shell length and shell height. The correlation coefficients were 0.825~0.989 and 0.832~0.965 for genetic and phenotypic correlation, respectively. Therefore, these results suggested that the shell height and shell length were good markers for selective breeding, and could improve the growth quality of P. fucata.
Key words: Pinctada fucata; larvae; heritability; growth trait; genetic correlation
合浦珠母貝(Pinctada fucata)又稱馬氏珠母貝,是我國目前生產(chǎn)海水珍珠的主要貝類。然而近年來,由于長期的人工近親繁殖,致使合浦珠母貝的種質(zhì)嚴重退化,天然種群遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞,在海水珍珠養(yǎng)殖上產(chǎn)生的直接后果是珍珠的質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)量明顯下降[1]。因此,進行合浦珠母貝的遺傳改良,培育具有優(yōu)質(zhì)、高產(chǎn)、抗逆等優(yōu)良性狀的新品種,已成為合浦珠母貝養(yǎng)殖業(yè)亟待解決的主要問題之一。目前對合浦珠母貝的研究,主要是從雜交育種[2]、選擇育種[3,4]、遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)[5-7]和遺傳連鎖圖譜[8]等方面進行了報道,但尚未見對其優(yōu)良經(jīng)濟性狀(生長、抗逆)的遺傳力進行系統(tǒng)研究的相關(guān)報道。
遺傳力是反映性狀遺傳能力大小的重要遺傳參數(shù),在育種值估計、選擇指數(shù)確定、選擇反應(yīng)預(yù)測、選擇方法比較以及育種規(guī)劃決策等方面,有十分重要的作用[9]。……