







摘要:為研究冷藏條件下魚腥草(Houttuynia cordata Thunb.)保鮮效果,尋求簡便、高效的保鮮方法,以新鮮魚腥草為試材,在溫度1~5 ℃、濕度75%~80%條件下,結合保鮮劑處理及包裝對魚腥草失重率、呼吸強度、總黃酮含量、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)清除率、甲基正壬酮含量、剪切力、過氧化物酶及多酚氧化酶活性進行研究。結果表明,冷藏能很好地保持魚腥草品質,減少失重的發生,保持總黃酮、甲基正壬酮含量及DPPH清除率;同時降低了呼吸強度,抑制了過氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性的上升。其中0.004%(m/m,下同)赤霉素、0.2%(m/m,下同)檸檬酸、0.005%(m/m,下同)亞硫酸鈉結合低溫處理效果最好,貯藏70 d仍保持較好的色澤及口感。
關鍵詞:魚腥草;品質;冷藏;酶活性
中圖分類號:S567文獻標識碼:A文章編號:0439-8114(2011)16-3371-03
The Impact of Cold Storage on Quality and Enzyme Activity of Houttuynia cordata
YUE Cai-yan,XU Li,YIN Zhi-hua
(College of Life Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
Abstract: To finda convenient and efficient preservation method, fresh Houttuynia cordata was stored at 1~5 ℃ with a humidity of 75%~80% combined with preservative treatment and package. The weight loss rate, respiration intensity, total flavonoids content, DPPH clearance rate, methylundecanones content, shear force peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity were studied. The results showed that cold storage could keep the quality of H. cordata well, decrease the weight loss rate, keep the content of flavonoids and methylundecanones and DPPH clearance rate. Meanwhile, the respitatory rate was decreased and the ascending of POD and PPO activity was depressed. Treatment of 0.004%(m/m) gibberellin, 0.2%(m/m) citric acid, 0.005%(m/m) sodium metabisulfite and cold storage had the best effect, the colour and taste of H. cordata remained well in 70 days.
Key words: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.; quality; cold storage; enzyme activity
魚腥草(Houttuynia cordata Thunb.)為三白草科蕺菜屬的多年生草本植物,魚腥草原產我國,以長江流域以南分布最廣,目前在云南、貴州、四川等地栽培較多[1]。現代臨床研究證明,魚腥草主要有抗菌、抗病毒、消炎、鎮咳、抗過敏、利尿、增強機體免疫力等[2]作用。按照《衛生部關于進一步規范保健食品原料管理的通知》,2002年魚腥草被國家衛生部正式確定為“既是藥品,又是食品”的極具開發潛力的資源之一。
魚腥草含有豐富的甲基正壬酮、癸酰乙醛等揮發性物質,還含有豐富的黃酮類、生物堿、有機酸、甾醇類等[2],是營養價值極高的植物。然而魚腥草常溫下貯藏易褐變老化[3],很快失去商品價值。
Lee[4]研究發現褐變與酚類物質和多酚氧化酶的活性有一定的相關性,Chisari等[5]研究發現草莓褐變不僅與多酚氧化酶有關,而且與過氧化物酶也有較大關系?!?br>