


摘要:采用水培試驗研究了鳳眼蓮在高鐵高錳(對照)、低錳、缺錳、低鐵和缺鐵處理下的營養特性和生長狀況。結果表明,鐵錳脅迫降低了鳳眼蓮吸收氮、鉀的能力,導致鳳眼蓮各部位氮、鉀含量有不同程度的降低;但鐵、錳脅迫對鳳眼蓮的磷吸收能力影響較小,與對照相比,鐵、錳脅迫下葉、莖中磷的含量上升;鐵脅迫導致鳳眼蓮體內鐵、錳含量降低,缺鐵時根中鐵、錳含量均最低,差異達顯著水平;錳脅迫下鳳眼蓮對鐵元素的吸收比例失衡,缺錳抑制了鐵向鳳眼蓮葉部的轉移。
關鍵詞:鳳眼蓮;鐵、錳脅迫;養分;吸收
中圖分類號:Q945.78文獻標識碼:A文章編號:0439-8114(2011)16-3279-03
Effect ofFe and Mn Stress On Nutrient Uptake of Eichhornia crassipes
WANG Juan,ZHANG Ai-qun,QIU Man-ping,XIE Yin-bo
(College of Plant Science and Technology of Xiaogan University,Xiaogan 432100,Hubei,China)
Abstract: Nutrient solution culture was conducted to study the nutrient characteristics and growth condition of Eichhornia crassipes under Fe and Mn stress. The results showed that Fe and Mn-deficiency caused the decrease of absorbtion of N and K in E. crassipes as their content in the plant reduced; however, the absorption abilily of E. crassipes to P was not seriously affected. Compared with CK(high Fe and Mn), the content of P in plant leaf and stem increased while Fe and Mn decreased under Fe and Mn stress. The Fe and Mn content was the lowest in root when lacking Fe; while lack of Mn would cause inbalance absorption of Fe. Deficiency of Mn inhibited the transport of Fe to E. crassipes leaves.
Key words: Eihhornia crassipes; Fe and Mn stress; nutrient; absorption
鳳眼蓮(Eichhornia crassipes)因其很強的去污能力和凈水效果,在一定條件下,它不失為恢復水生生態系統的重要植物之一[1]。鳳眼蓮對氮、磷、鉀、鈣等多種無機元素有較強的富集作用,其中對大量元素鉀的富集作用尤為突出[2]。在富營養化水體中,鳳眼蓮對微量元素鐵、錳等的吸收和富集量很高。其中鐵在微量元素中吸收量最大,其在植物體內從根部轉移到莖葉部的數量也是最大的[3]。鳳眼蓮植株干樣中鐵含量可達到6 707 mg/kg[4],而根中錳含量則可達(1 485±110)mg/kg[5]。在植物體內,鐵、錳存在一定的平衡關系,當鐵、錳平衡關系失調,易造成缺鐵、錳毒或缺錳、鐵毒,對植物生長造成不利影響。鐵參加作物呼吸作用和光合作用,是催化合成葉綠素的一些酶的催化劑。鐵素缺乏時,葉綠素不能合成造成失綠,植物呼吸作用受到抑制,嚴重影響對養分的吸收[6]。……