學(xué)歷與血壓

THE GIST

* A new study found that the more advanced degrees a person has， the lower their blood pressure.

* The link persisted even after controlling for influences such as smoking， drinking and obesity.

The more advanced degrees a person has， the lower their blood pressure， a study published online has found. An analysis of some 4，000 patient records from the 30-year Framingham Offspring Study found that， controlling only for age， women with 17 years or more of education -- a master's degree or doctorate -- had systolic blood pressure readings 3.26 millimeters of mercury lower than female high school drop-outs. Men who went to graduate school had systolic blood pressure readings that were 2.26 millimeters of mercury(mmHg) lower than their counterparts who did not finish high school， the study， published online in the open access journal BMC Public Health， says.

The same inverse relationship between education and blood pressure was also seen， although to a lesser degree， in men and women who got associate's or bachelor's degrees at university but did not continue on to graduate school. They showed greater blood pressure benefits than high school drop-outs but lesser benefits than holders of master's degrees or doctorates， the study found. Even after controlling for influences such as smoking， drinking， obesity and blood pressure medication， the benefits persisted， although at a lower level.

The study could help explain the widely documented association in developed countries between education and lower risk of heart disease， said lead author Eric Loucks， an assistant professor of public health at Brown University in Rhode Island. Blood pressure is \"one of the biological underpinnings of heart disease，\" said Loucks， urging policy-makers who want to improve public health to think about improving access to education.

The study focused on systolic blood pressure over diastolic blood pressure because \"systolic hypertension is substantially more common than diastolic hypertension， and systolic blood pressure contributes more to the global disease burden attributable to hypertension than diastolic blood pressure.\"

要點(diǎn)

* 新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)人的學(xué)歷越高，他的血壓就越低。

* 甚至在考慮了其他如吸煙，喝酒及肥胖等因素后這一關(guān)聯(lián)還是存在。

一份在線發(fā)表的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)人的學(xué)歷越高，他的血壓就越低。一項(xiàng)對(duì)30年佛明罕（Framingham）后代研究中約4000份病歷的分析顯示，在只考慮年齡因素的情況下，擁有17年及以上教育經(jīng)歷的女性--碩士或者博士學(xué)位--其收縮壓比高中肄業(yè)的女性低3.26毫米汞壓。這份在線發(fā)表在BMC公共衛(wèi)生開(kāi)放雜志的研究表示，上過(guò)研究生院的男性的收縮壓比同類(lèi)高中肄業(yè)的男性低2.26毫米汞壓。

在那些獲得副學(xué)士或?qū)W士學(xué)位后沒(méi)有繼續(xù)攻讀研究生院的男性和女性中，也可以看到學(xué)位與血壓之間同樣的反比關(guān)系，盡管程度輕一點(diǎn)。這項(xiàng)研究顯示，學(xué)位給他們的血壓帶來(lái)的益處比高中肄業(yè)的人要多，但比碩士或博士學(xué)位獲得者要少。甚至在考慮了其他如吸煙，喝酒，肥胖及血壓藥物治療等因素后，這些益處，盡管水平較低，仍然存在。

艾瑞克·勞克斯（Eric Loucks），一位羅德島布朗大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生的助理教授，表示這項(xiàng)研究可以幫助解釋在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家廣泛記錄的教育與低心臟疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。血壓是“心臟疾病的生物學(xué)基礎(chǔ)之一”，勞克斯說(shuō)，并督促那些想要改善公共健康的決策者們考慮提高受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。

這份研究著重于收縮壓而不是舒張壓，因?yàn)椤笆湛s性高血壓遠(yuǎn)比舒張性高血壓常見(jiàn)，而且全球健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中的高血壓大多由收縮壓導(dǎo)致。”