趙心清,姜如嬌,李寧,楊晴,白鳳武
大連理工大學生物科學與工程系,大連 116024
利用SPT3的定向進化提高工業釀酒酵母乙醇耐受性
趙心清,姜如嬌,李寧,楊晴,白鳳武
大連理工大學生物科學與工程系,大連 116024
利用對轉錄因子的定向進化可對多基因控制的性狀進行有效的代謝工程改造。本研究對釀酒酵母負責脅迫相關基因轉錄的SAGA復合體成分SPT3編碼基因進行易錯PCR隨機突變,并研究了SPT3的定向進化對釀酒酵母乙醇耐性的影響。將SPT3的易錯PCR產物連接改造的pYES2.0表達載體并轉化釀酒酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4126,構建了突變體文庫。通過篩選在高濃度乙醇中耐受性提高的突變株,獲得了一株在10%(V/V)乙醇中生長較好的突變株M25。該突變株利用125 g/L的葡萄糖進行乙醇發酵時,終點乙醇產量比對照菌株提高了11.7%。由此表明,SPT3是對釀酒酵母乙醇耐性進行代謝工程改造的一個重要的轉錄因子。
定向進化,乙醇耐性,SPT3,釀酒酵母,易錯PCR
Abstract:Directed evolution of transcription factors can be employed to effectively improve the phenotypes which are controlled by multiple genetic loci.In this study, we used error-prone PCR for the directed evolution of SPT3, which is the component of yeast Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase(SAGA)complex responsible for the transcription of stress-related genes,and studied its effect on the improvement of ethanol tolerance.Mutant library was constructed by ligating the error-prone PCR products with a modified pYES2.0 plasmid, and the expression plasmids were subsequently transformed to yeast industrial strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4126.One mutant strain M25 showing superior growth in presence of 10% ethanol was selected.M25 produced 11.7% more ethanol than the control strain harboring the empty vector when 125 g/L glucose was used as substrate.This study revealed that SPT3 is an important transcription factor for the metabolic engineering of yeast ethanol tolerance.
Keywords:directed evolution, ethanol tolerance, SPT3, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, error-prone PCR
利用易錯PCR(Error prone PCR)或DNA 改組(DNA shuffling)對酶分子編碼基因進行的定向進化,可獲得催化效率提高的酶蛋白,并改善酶的一系列性質,如穩定性[1-2]、底物特異性[3]等,是蛋白質工程的重要研究工具。近年來,定向進化技術也成功應用于轉錄因子等控制細胞全局轉錄的調節蛋白的突變,并在酵母菌[4]、乳桿菌[5]等微生物的代謝工程改造中得到成功應用。酵母菌的乙醇耐受性與多個基因有關[6],因而通過傳統的單基因敲除或過量表達很難達到提高酵母菌乙醇耐性的目的。2006年Alper等報道了通過全局轉錄工程(Global transcriptional machinery engineering,gTME)的方法提高酵母菌乙醇耐性的開創性研究,為酵母菌乙醇耐性的代謝工程操作提供了新的思路[4]。……