摘 要:基于裂縫諧振環的降頻技術,利用色散性穩定、頻帶寬、電尺寸小的異向介質結構,設計了一種加載異向介質的新型平面波導饋天線(CPW-fed antenna),實現了天線的寬帶小型化。修正的PIFA傳輸線模型中,利用異向介質的諧振電路取代了傳統輻射貼片不連續性而引起的電容效應。仿真和實測數據表明,該天線-10 dB相對帶寬超過了80%,物理尺寸也縮減了近一倍,其諧振頻段3.5~8.3 GHz內得到全向的輻射方向圖。關鍵詞:異向介質; 共面波導饋天線; 超寬帶; 左手介質
中圖分類號:TN82-34文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1004-373X(2010)17-0100-03
Ultra Wideband Metamaterial CPW-fed Antenna
SHI Shao-hong, LEI Zhen-ya, XIE Yong-jun, SHENG Qiong-nian, ZHANG Zhi-hua
(National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China)
Abstract:Based on the technique of reducing working frequency of split ring resonators (SRR), and a left-handed medium structure with smooth dispersion, broadband property and small dimensions, a novel CPW-fed antenna loaded with a metamaterial is designed for the broadband and miniaturization. In the modified CPW-fed antenna transmission line model, the conventional capacitance which causes the capacitance effect by its discontinuity is replaced by the resonance circuit of the metamaterial. Both the simulated and measured results demonstrate that such metamaterial CPW-fed antenna exhibits a -10 dB return loss of more than 80% bandwidth, and also the physical dimensions have been reduced by nearly 50%. Nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern is achieved in the resonance oscillation frequency range of 3.5~8.3 GHz.Keywords: metamaterial; CPW-fed antenna; ultra wideband; left-handed medium
0 引 言
左手介質(Left-handed Medium)是20世紀90年代末期,繼Pendry等提出采用周期性排列的導線和開口諧振環結構SRR(Split Ring Resonator)可以在微波頻段內產生負的介電常數和磁導率[1]以后,一種新型周期結構的人工電磁介質。它可使在該介質中傳播的電磁波的電場E,磁場H以及波矢量k三者構成左手關系,故而得名。Veselago沉寂了近三十年的異向介質先驅理論再度成為科學界的研究熱點[2]。2001年,Smith等首次構造出這種自然界不存在的媒質以來[3],由于它具有一些反常的電磁特性(包括左手特性、負折射特性和后向波特性等)而再度成為科學界的研究熱點。國內外成果表明,上述電磁特性具有廣泛的研究前景。
近年來,異向介質的應用早已滲透到了各類微波器件的設計和開發中。具體到天線方面,Wu等實現了基于異向介質后向波的小型化天線[4] ,Yang等則提出了具有主瓣寬度窄、仰角低特點的異向介質微帶天線[5]。但是,設計者們都希望天線的帶寬能夠覆蓋多個工作頻段以滿足越來越多的無線通信標準。……