摘 要:扭桿是速率陀螺儀中的核心零件,在速率陀螺儀中起支承、定位和產(chǎn)生彈性扭矩的關(guān)鍵作用,其性能的好壞直接影響到導(dǎo)航和定位精度,影響到速率陀螺儀的整體性能,因此對(duì)扭桿性能的高精度檢測(cè)十分重要。測(cè)量不確定度是表示測(cè)量結(jié)果質(zhì)量的指標(biāo),采用它激動(dòng)力微擺法測(cè)量某速率陀螺的扭桿剛度,并根據(jù)實(shí)際測(cè)量過(guò)程以及所使用的測(cè)量?jī)x器對(duì)測(cè)量不確定度進(jìn)行了分析和評(píng)定,評(píng)定結(jié)果符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范。
關(guān)鍵詞:陀螺儀扭桿; 剛度測(cè)量; 不確定度測(cè)量; 陀螺
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):V241 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
文章編號(hào):1004-373X(2010)11-0032-03
Analysis and Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty for Stiffness of Gyroscope Torsion Bar
LIANG Zhi-jun, GUO Tao
(Naval Equipment Department, Xi’an 710065, China)
Abstract: The torsion bar is a core of the rate gyroscope, whose performance has a direct impact on the navigation and positioning accuracy, and affects the overall performance of the rate gyroscope. Therefore, it is important to detect the performance of the torsion bar precisely. The measurement uncertainty is an accepted index to denotate the measurement quality. The stiffness of the torsion bar of a gyroscope was detected with external excitation tiny sway method. The measurement uncertainty of the measuring instrument is analyzed and assessed. The assessment result demonstrates that the measurement system is in accordance to the national standardsand norm.
Keywords: gyroscope torsion bar; stiffness measurement; measurement uncertainty; gyroscope
0 引 言
速率陀螺儀是一種精確指示速率變化的儀器,扭桿是其核心零件。扭桿屬高精度零件,細(xì)小嬌貴,但卻在速率陀螺儀中起支承、定位和產(chǎn)生彈性扭矩的關(guān)鍵作用,其性能的好壞直接影響到導(dǎo)航和定位精度,影響到速率陀螺儀的整體性能。扭桿剛度的測(cè)量方法有靜態(tài)法和動(dòng)態(tài)法,但由于扭桿尺寸和彎曲變形小,故高精度的剛度測(cè)量難度大。靜態(tài)法測(cè)量是采用加掛砝碼施加扭矩載荷,用象限儀和自準(zhǔn)直儀測(cè)試扭桿微小角位移,但存在測(cè)試準(zhǔn)確度低,手工調(diào)整環(huán)節(jié)多,效率低,重復(fù)性差,抗干擾能力弱等缺點(diǎn);動(dòng)態(tài)測(cè)試法通過(guò)外加激勵(lì)諧振源,使扭桿和擺臂系統(tǒng)受激共振,依據(jù)扭擺系統(tǒng)共振頻率及其剛度的力學(xué)模型計(jì)算出扭桿剛度。該測(cè)量方法簡(jiǎn)單,對(duì)測(cè)量環(huán)境沒(méi)有特殊要求,測(cè)量精度較高[1-2]。
測(cè)量不確定度是對(duì)測(cè)量結(jié)果質(zhì)量的定量評(píng)定指標(biāo)[3],主要從不確定度的A類(lèi)、B類(lèi)評(píng)定、合成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度評(píng)定及其擴(kuò)展不確定度等四個(gè)方面來(lái)表示測(cè)量結(jié)果的分散性[4-5]。……