小站稻品種間產量和食味品質性狀的差異性研究

摘要:對小站稻品種間產量和食味品質性狀的差異性進行了研究，結果表明:小站稻品種間的產量和食味品質性狀存在顯著差異，變異系數依次為蛋白質含量>產量>直鏈淀粉含量>食味值，在優質育種和栽培實踐中可以以降低蛋白質含量為突破口，從而實現小站稻優質高產。在小站稻區水稻生產上若兼顧考慮產量和食味品質可以選用花育13、花育409和津原47，若以高產為目標可以選用津原45和津原D1，E28可作為優質品種種植，津川1號可作為優質食味米原料品種訂單種植。

關鍵詞:品種間;產量;食味品質;差異性

中圖分類號:S513文獻標識碼:A DOI編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2010.03.034

Comparative Study on the Yield and Eating Quality Traits among Xiaozhan Rice Varieties

DING De-liang， ZHANG Xin， ZHAO Mei， YANG Xue， HUANG Xiao-shan

(China-Japan Joint Research Center Laboratory on Palatability and Quality of Rice， Department of Agronomy， Tianjin Agricultural University， Tianjin 300384， China)

Abstract:The differences in yield and eating quality traits among Xiaozhan rice varieties were studied in this paper and the results indicated that there existed significant difference among those varieties and the CV (coefficient of variation) of all indexes could be listed in a descending order as protein content > yield > amylose content > eating quality value. Therefore， in order to realize the high quality and high yield of Xiaozhan rice， reducing protein content should be considered as a breakthrough in practice. Additionally， if taking into account both yield and eating quality， three varieties (Huayu 13， Huayu 409 and Jinyuan 47) were recommended. If only pursuing high yield， Jinyuan 45 and Jinyuan D1 would be suitable. E28 might be cultivated as a high quality variety and finally Jinchuan 1 could participate in order planting as the raw material of high quality rice.

Key words: variety; yield; eating quality; difference

“小站稻”是天津市的地域品牌，以其品質優良著稱于世，清朝俗稱“貢米”。稻米品質主要包括碾米、外觀、蒸煮食味和營養品質4個方面。碾米品質表示稻米的加工適應性，外觀品質表示稻米吸引消費者的能力，食味品質和營養品質則反映稻米的食用特性[1，2]。隨著人們消費水平的提高，人們攝取營養的途徑已從主食轉向了肉、奶、蛋、蔬菜和水果等多元化，食用稻米營養品質的重要性降低，而產量和食味品質則成為關注的焦點。因此，本試驗主要研究小站稻品種間產量和食味品質性狀的差異性，以期能為天津市水稻優質育種和栽培提供依據。

1材料和方法

1.1材料

本試驗于2008年4月至10月在天津市寶坻區馬家店鄉雙王寺村進行。試驗采用單因素隨機區組試驗設計，3次重復。試驗小區長4.65 m，寬3.90 m，小區面積18.14 m2，行距30 cm，穴距15 cm。水稻育秧期為4月7日，插秧期為5月26日，收獲期為10月14日。……