enoughto,so...that, too... to結構句型的轉換

在近幾年的中考中，我們不難發現enough to與so...that，too...to結構句型的轉換不時出現在各地的中考試題中，然而從學生的答題中卻發現，多數學生對此掌握得不好，答題屢屢出錯。其實enough to與so...that ，too...to 是現用人教版新目標初中英語教材中的三個重要結構。它們在一定的條件下，可以相互轉換，現就此作一歸納。

一、too ...to與so ...that結構的轉換

too ...to 句型常用來表示“太……以致不能”的意思。so ...that 句型常用來表示“如此……以致”的意思。too ...to 結構是一個簡單句， so... that結構常是復合句。當that引導的從句為否定形式，且主句中的主語與從句的主語相一致時，so...that 結構可轉換為too...to結構。例如:

Tom is so young that he can’t join the army.

→Tom is too young to join the army.

I’m so tired that I can’t walk on.

→I’m too tired to walk on.

當that 引導的從句為否定式，但從句主語與主句主語不相同時，so ...that 可轉換為too... for sb to 結構。例如:

The box is so heavy that I can’t lift it.

→The box is too heavy for me to lift.

The question is so difficult that he can’t answer it.

→The question is too difficult for him to answer it.

二、so... that 與enough to 結構的轉換

當that引導的從句為肯定式，且從句主語與主句主語相同時，so...that句型可轉換為enough to句型結構。例如:

Mike is so old that he can go to school.

→Mike is old enough to go to school.

The boy is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.

→The boy is strong enough to lift the heavy box.

當that引導的從句為肯定式，但從句主語與主句主語不相同時，so ...that可轉換為enough for sb to 結構。例如:

The box is so light that the child can lift it.

→The box is light enough for the child to lift.

They walked so slowly that we could keep up with them.

→They walked slowly enough for us to keep up with them.

三、enough to與too...to結構的轉換

enough to 所在句子為不定式時，enough to 結構可轉換為too ...to 結構，但轉換后too... to 結構中的形容詞、副詞要用其相應的反義詞。例如:

He isn’t old enough to do the work.

→He is too young to do the work.

Tom didn’t walk slowly enough for us to keep up with him.

→Tom walked too fast for us to keep up with him.

以上是enough to，so... that，too... to結構句型間的常見轉換，也是當前各類考試中的常見題型，還需要我們不斷學習和總結。

(責任編輯 周侯辰)