定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)聚焦

定語(yǔ)從句通常要用引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)詞可分為關(guān)系代詞（如：who，whom，which，whose和that等）和關(guān)系副詞 (如：where，when和why等)。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中起代詞的作用，關(guān)系副詞起副詞的作用。為了幫助同學(xué)們更好地掌握和運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句，現(xiàn)將全國(guó)近幾年部分省、市中考英語(yǔ)對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的考查熱點(diǎn)小結(jié)如下。

[焦點(diǎn)一] 考查關(guān)系代詞who

[要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)述] 當(dāng)指人的先行詞是定語(yǔ)從句的邏輯主語(yǔ)或是從句動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞要用who。

[中考試題]

1. The real great man is the man ______ makes every man feel great.

A. whereB. who C. whichD. when (2006年云南省課改試驗(yàn)區(qū))

2. — Do you know the lady ______ is interviewing our headmaster?

— Yes， she is a journalist from CCTV.

A. whichB. who C. whomD. whose(2004年遼寧省)

3. The girl with some flowers in her hand is my sister.（改為含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句）

→The girl______ ______ some flowers in her hand is my sister.（2006年蘭州市）

Keys: 1～2：BＢ3： who has

[焦點(diǎn)二] 考查關(guān)系代詞whom的用法

[要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)述] 當(dāng)指人的先行詞是定語(yǔ)從句的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用whom，有時(shí)可以省略。

[中考試題]

The young lady ______ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.

A. what B. whose C. whom D. which （2005年天津市） Key:C

[焦點(diǎn)三] 考查關(guān)系代詞 that的用法

[要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)述] 關(guān)系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中可以指人或物，通常用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。that指人時(shí)，可代替who / whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。但以下情況只能用that，不能用 which：1.先行詞為all，much，something，everything等不定代詞時(shí)；（如：There’s nothing that can be said about it.關(guān)于這件事可能無(wú)話可說(shuō)。） 2.當(dāng)先行詞被any，few，little，no，some等修飾時(shí)；（如：There is little work that is fit for you. 幾乎沒(méi)有適合你的工作。） 3.當(dāng)先行詞為數(shù)詞或被last，next等修飾時(shí)；（如：Look at those flowers. You can see the two that you gave me. 看那些花，你能看見(jiàn)你給我的那兩種。） 4.當(dāng)先行詞被the very，the only，the just修飾時(shí)；（如：The only thing that I need now is money. 我現(xiàn)在唯一需要的是錢。） 5.當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)；（如：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.我們?cè)L問(wèn)過(guò)的老師和學(xué)校給我們留下了很深的印象。） 6.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)；（This is the most important task that should be finished soon.這是必須很快完成的最重要的任務(wù)。） 7.主句是以who，which引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)；（Who is the woman that was talking to my mother? 和我媽媽談話的那個(gè)婦女是誰(shuí)？）8.先行詞在主句或從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)用that，不用which。……