海藻酸鈉中空纖維馬達(dá)的設(shè)計(jì)、運(yùn)動(dòng)調(diào)控及染料降解應(yīng)用

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：TB333文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A

文章編號(hào)：1673-3851（2025）07-0469-11

引用格式：，．海藻酸鈉中空纖維馬達(dá)的設(shè)計(jì)、運(yùn)動(dòng)調(diào)控及染料降解應(yīng)用[J].浙江理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)（自然科學(xué)），2025，53（4）：469-479.

Abstract： Coaxial fibers were prepared by coaxial wet spinning of sodium alginate （SA） and SA/Fe₃O₄ loaded with Fe₃O₄ ，and SA@Pt and SA/Fe₃O₄@Pt hollow fiber motors were obtained by wet chemically depositing platinum （ Pt ） nanoparticles onto the inner wall of the hollow fibers. The morphology and structural composition of the hollow fiber motors were characterized using SEM， XRD，and FTIR. The motion behavior of the holow fiber motors was regulated，and their eficacy on pollutant degradation was evaluated. The results demonstrated that hollow fiber motors containing Pt nanoparticles could achieve autonomous motion in H₂O₂ ． The motion speed of could reach 2.1mm/s as the mass fraction of H₂O₂ was 2% ， showing good motion performance. Furthermore， the motion modes of the SA （20 hollow fiber motors could be modulated by adjusting the shape of the ports and the length of the hollow fibers，resulting in both linear and rotational movement patterns. When guided by an external magnetic field，the SA/Fe₃O₄@Pt motor could move along a predetermined path， including forming complex trajectories such as 'ZSTU^′ ， showcasing its versatile movement and high precision control. Finally，the SA/Fe₃O₄@Pt achieved a 93.4% and 87.9% degradation rate of malachite green and Rhodamine B within 120mins ，with consistent performance over three cycles. This study provides new insights into the design and application of sodium alginate-based hollow fiber motors for eficient polutant degradation.

Key words： sodium alginate；holow fiber motors； coaxial spining; magnetic drive； bubble drivecontaminant degradation

0 引言

微納米馬達(dá)（Micro/nanomotors，MNM）是一種可以將化學(xué)能（化學(xué)燃料）或外部刺激（光、電、磁和超聲波等）轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能的微小裝置[1。通過(guò)化學(xué)燃料驅(qū)動(dòng)的MNM具有運(yùn)動(dòng)自主性，在生物醫(yī)學(xué)[2-4]、貨物運(yùn)輸[3-5]和環(huán)境修復(fù)[6]等方面具有潛在的應(yīng)用前景。在推進(jìn)機(jī)制方面，自推進(jìn)的MNM可以通過(guò)多種方式產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力，如氣泡驅(qū)動(dòng)[7-8]、Marangoni效應(yīng)[9]、自擴(kuò)散[10-11]等，其中氣泡驅(qū)動(dòng)是最常見(jiàn)的一種方法[12]。在氣泡驅(qū)動(dòng)中，管狀MNM因其特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)，通常具有更快的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度（高達(dá)每秒數(shù)百微米）[13]，可以在很大程度上提高其與污染物的接觸概率和傳質(zhì)效率，因此更適用于環(huán)境修復(fù)，如污染物降解[13]、重金屬離子去除[14]和微塑料清除[15]

管狀MNM具有獨(dú)特的中空結(jié)構(gòu)，有利于氣泡的成核、生長(zhǎng)和噴出，還具有較大的比表面積，因而提高了其在環(huán)境處理中的化學(xué)降解和物理吸附效果。目前，制備中空纖維的主要方法有靜電紡絲[14]、化學(xué)交聯(lián)法[16]和同軸濕法紡絲[17-19]。Zhang等[14]采用靜電紡絲制備了外徑為 860nm 的二氧化錳 MnO₂ ）中空MNM，該MNM在高濃度的 H₂O₂ （204號(hào)中可以實(shí)現(xiàn) 203μm/s 的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度，能有效去除重金屬離子。同軸濕法紡絲是將兩種不同的紡絲溶液通過(guò)同軸針頭注射到凝固浴中固化成絲，然后通過(guò)滾筒收集以及后處理得到同軸纖維，這種同軸纖維通常是核殼結(jié)構(gòu)，并表現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特的性能[20]。相對(duì)于靜電紡絲，同軸濕法紡絲制備的材料具有更高的力學(xué)性能，并且同軸濕法紡絲的操作簡(jiǎn)單、對(duì)材料的要求不高，適合大規(guī)模制備。……