中圖分類號:S143 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1006-060X(2025)05-0033-05
引用格式:.鎘低積累品種中安早7號肥料利用率研究[J].湖南農業科學,2025(5):33-37.DOI:10.16498/j.cnki.hnnykx.2025.005.007
Abstract:Fieldplotexperimentswereconuctedtoeasureteiceyeldandteuulatioofitroge(N),osphorus(, potasum(K)inicegrains,stms,andleavs,ontebsisofichtheN,PandKfertlierutiizationefcieyofZoaao No.7'withlowcadmiumaccumulationwasstudied.TheresultsshowedthatthecombinedfertizationofNPKimprovedtheeconomic traits and significantly increased the yield of'Zhong'anzao No.7',with the contribution rate of 30.4% to the yield. The contribution rate of single fertilizers to the rice yield was in a trend of Ngt;Pgt;K .The NPK treatment increased the accumulation of N,P,and K by 75.94% , 24.64% ,and 14.47% compared with the N0PK , NP0K and NPK0 treatments,respectively. The K accumulation under the N0PK treatment was 8.42% lower than that under the NPKo treatment. The nutrient coefficients of N, P2O5 ,and K2O under the NPK treatment were 2.12,0.92,and 3.62,respectively.'Zhong'anzao No.7' had a nutrient coeffcient for K2O 9.7% higher than the rice varieties of non-low cadmium accumulation.The N,P,and K utilization effciency under the NPK treatment was 47.35% 23.57% ,and 47.51% ,respectively. The K utilization efficiency was -27.38% under the N0PK treatment. The lack ofN,P,K elements exacerbated thedecreaseinsoilutrientcontent.TheresultsillstratedthatapplyingNPKfertilizerscansignificantlyimprovethefertizer utilizationrateandmaitainsoilertility.Zhong'anzaoNo.7hasagreaterdemandforKthantheicevarietiesofnon-lowcadmium accumulation,and thus atention should be paid to the applicationofK fertilizer inthecultivationofthis Variety.
Key Words:lowcadmium accumulation; early rice variety; NPK; utilization efciency of fertilizer; Ningxiang City
湖南省擁有多種有色金屬礦產資源,是“有色金屬之鄉”。采礦業為國民經濟發展做出重大貢獻,但是長期采礦導致礦區周圍環境污染,引發當地農產品質量安全風險。近年來,湖南已成為我國重金屬污染耕地和農產品質量安全問題最為突出的區域之一。為安全利用重金屬污染耕地,廣大科研工作者持續開展重金屬污染耕地安全利用技術研究。2006年株洲發生“鎘污染”事件以后,科研人員將研究重點聚焦到了以鎘為主的重金屬污染耕地農業安全利用上[,尤其是2013年湖南發生“鎘大米”事件后,科研人員著重開展了鎘污染耕地低積累作物種植、原位鈍化技術、農藝調控、種植結構調整,以及‘ ?VIP+n′ 技術模式等研究與示范應用。大量研究表明,輕中度鎘污染耕地可以通過安全利用技術來保障農產品質量安全,特別是輕中度鎘污染耕地種植食源性部位鎘低積累作物是該類污染耕地安全利用的一種有效措施,具有成本低、易推廣的優勢[1-4]。湖南是水稻生產大省,為充分安全利用輕中度鎘污染稻田,確保國家糧食安全,從2014年開始進行鎘低積累水稻品種篩選和培育研究[5-6],現已選育出臻兩優8612、韶香100、中安早7號、中安2號、西子3號等鎘低積累水稻品種,這些品種可作為湖南安全利用輕中度鎘污染稻田的主推品種。
提高水稻生產的肥料利用率是廣大科研人員關注的熱點問題。……