列車“分揀大師”

2025-03-24 00:00:00郭堯

走向世界 2025年3期

關(guān)鍵詞：作業(yè)

調(diào)車員跟隨機車前往編組場進行作業(yè)。The switch-men follow the locomotive to the marshaling yard for work.

春節(jié)前夕，在濟西站編組場密密麻麻的股道上，一列列貨運專列在此匯聚，這里是春運物資的集結(jié)地，更是名副其實的春運保障大后方。現(xiàn)場的調(diào)車員們忙碌不停，如同技藝精湛的“分揀大師”，把來自四面八方的貨車先“打散”，再精心“組裝”。

濟西站是山東省最大的貨運編組站，這個連接京滬和膠濟兩大干線的全國路網(wǎng)特等編組站，是春運物資運輸?shù)年P(guān)鍵樞紐。這些物資從全國各地發(fā)來，又發(fā)往全國各地，要精準地運往目的地，離不開站里的“駝峰”。這里說的“駝峰”可不是駱駝背上那個駝峰，而是鐵路編組站用于快速解體貨物列車的專用設備，類似于一座“小山包”。調(diào)車員們可以憑借豐富的經(jīng)驗和高度專注，借助車輛自身重力，讓列車按設定方向到站，通過駝峰滑向相應線路，實現(xiàn)高效分揀。春運期間，這里的日均作業(yè)量從平時的1.8萬輛增至2萬多輛。這些車輛若首尾相連，其長度可從濟南延伸至青島，規(guī)模浩大。各類春運物資在這里集結(jié)，隨后奔赴上海、青島、沈陽、霍爾果斯、阿拉山口等地。

在編組場里，“到達、解體、集結(jié)、編組、再出發(fā)”是一套嚴謹?shù)淖鳂I(yè)流程，調(diào)車員們穿梭其中，成為列車的“重塑者”。其中，駝峰提鉤區(qū)域尤為重要，承擔著車流解散的重任。這里的連結(jié)員們被稱為“無敵解鉤手”，他們總能精準地摘開車鉤。一個看似簡單的上提車鉤動作，實則需要在車輛行進中瞬間完成，確保“一提就開”“一次就好”。每個班次下來，這樣的提鉤動作要重復三四百次。

貨車車組自行溜放下峰。The freight train unit rolls down the hump.

除了解鉤，連結(jié)員們還是列車的“體檢員”。他們會在列車到站作業(yè)的第一時間，仔細觀察車輛狀況，蹲下來查看底部是否有部件異常，同時留意貨物有無撒漏。經(jīng)驗豐富的員工甚至能在嘈雜的環(huán)境中，通過聽車輛走行聲音判斷制動裝置是否良好，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)問題便立即匯報處理。

連結(jié)員站在車輛的閘臺上開展引導工作。Standing on the brake platform， the switch-man carries out guidance work.

正是這些列車“分揀師”們無私忘我的付出，才保證了春運貨物準確無誤地發(fā)往各地，將人們的新年貨物快速高效地送往五湖四海、千家萬戶。

編輯/刁艷杰

連結(jié)員正在觀察溜放車組的走行狀態(tài)。The switch-man is observing the running state of the rolling train unit.

連結(jié)員在室內(nèi)監(jiān)控推峰車輛走行狀態(tài)。The switch-man monitors the running state of hump trains.

連結(jié)員正在摘開車輛軟管。The switch-man is disconnecting the hoses.

駝峰提鉤作業(yè)需要在車流移動過程中進行動態(tài)作業(yè)，危險系數(shù)高。Hump uncoupling requires dynamic operation in the movement process of wagon flow， with a high danger coefficient.

Train “Sorting Master”

Before the Spring Festival， Jixi Marshaling Yard became a marshaling area of goods for the Spring Festival travel rush， where freight trains gathered. As Shandong’s largest marshaling station， it connects two trunk railways： the Beijing-Shanghai Railway and the Qingdao-Jinan Railway， and serves as a special-grade marshaling station in the national railway network and a key hub of goods for the Spring Festival travel rush.

During the Spring Festival travel rush， Jixi Railway Station experienced a steep rise in average daily operation quantity from 18，000 to more than 20，000. If the trains were connected end-to-end， the length of would extend from Jinan to Qing- dao. This was based on a vast scale. After being assembled here， these goods would be transported to Shanghai， Qingdao， Shenyang， Horgos， Alataw Pass， Wuxi， and Chengxiang.

調(diào)車機將到達的貨物列車推送至駝峰。The shunting locomotive pushes the arrived freight train up to the hump.

In the marshaling yard， “arrival， disassembly， assembly， marshaling， and re-departure” constitute a set of rigorous work procedures. In the process， switch-men have become“remodelers” of trains. With the task of dispersing wagon flow， the hump uncoupling area is particularly important.

Switch-men are not only “uncoupling specialists” of trains， but also “inspectors” thereof. As soon as a train arrives， they check over the train and goods thereon to en- sure operation safety. Experienced employees could even determine whether the braking device is in good condition by listening to the running sound of a train in a noisy environment， and immediately report for servicing in case of any problems.

The selfless dedication of these train “sorting masters” ensures that the goods for the Spring Festival travel rush could be properly transported to all parts of China. They quickly and efficiently deliver New Year goods to all corners of the country and innumerable homes， providing a solid guarantee for the smooth progress of the Spring Festival travel rush. Their effort makes our New Year warmer and happier.