一種適用于獨立光伏系統的新型三端口變換器的研究

摘" 要： 針對獨立光伏系統易受外界因素等影響導致供電不穩定的問題，需要采用三端口變換器儲能補償的方式來保障系統的穩定發電。文中采用功率流法并基于Boost變換器和雙向DC?DC變換器拓撲，構建了一種應用于獨立光伏系統的非隔離型三端口DC?DC變換器拓撲即BDC?Boost TPC。通過狀態方程對該變換器的4種工作模式下的各開關模態進行詳細分析，采用最小值競爭的控制策略設計了工作模式選擇器，實現各模式之間的平滑切換。最后利用該變換器搭建了適用于獨立光伏系統的120 W實驗樣機，控制器選用TMS320F28335，并根據控制策略編寫了相應的控制程序。實驗結果表明，所構建的變換器可實現光伏電池、儲能電池及負載三個端口之間的功率流通，以及各個工作模式之間平滑切換。綜上，該變換器具有工程實用性。

關鍵詞： 光伏電池； 三端口變換器； 功率流法； 非隔離； 開關模態； 平滑切換

中圖分類號： TN624?34； TM46" " " " " " " " " " "文獻標識碼： A" " " " " " " " " " "文章編號： 1004?373X（2025）04?0102?07

Research on new three?port converter applied to independent photovoltaic system

YUAN Chenhu1， SU Jiawei2

（1. School of Electronics and Information Engineering， Tiangong University， Tianjin 300387， China;

2. School of Electrical Engineering， Tiangong University， Tianjin 300387， China）

Abstract： In allusion to unstable power supply caused by independent photovoltaic systems susceptible to external factors， three?port converter energy storage compensation is needed to ensure the stable power generation of the system. A non?isolated three?port DC?DC converter topology， BDC?Boost TPC， for independent photovoltaic systems is constructed by means of the power flow method based on the Boost converter and bidirectional DC?DC converter topology. The switching modes of the four operating modes of the converter were analyzed in detail by means of state equations. The operating mode selector was designed by means of the minimum value competition control strategy to realize smooth switching between modes. A 120 W experimental prototype suitable for independent photovoltaic systems was built by the converter. The controller was TMS320F28335， and corresponding control programs were written according to the control strategy. The experimental results show that the constructed converter can realize power flow between the three ports of photovoltaic cells， energy storage cells， and loads， as well as smooth switching between various operating modes. This converter has engineering practicality.

Keywords： photovoltaic cell; three?port converter; power flow; non?isolation; switching mode; smooth switching

0" 引" 言

為了緩解化石能源對環境和氣候的影響以及保障能源利用的可持續性，以太陽能為代表的多種可再生能源在發電領域得到了廣泛的應用[1?2]。獨立光伏系統作為光伏發電系統的重要分支，以其供電的獨立性和靈活性，在生產生活中有著廣泛的應用前景。獨立光伏供電系統一般結構如圖1所示，主要包括光伏電池、DC?DC變換器、儲能裝置、逆變器和交直流負載。儲能裝置用來解決光照、環境、氣候等因素導致的系統供電的不穩定問題[3?4]，DC?DC變換器主要用來進行功率傳輸控制。……